http://lawschool.unm.edu/nrj/volumes/48/3/03_agoramoorthy_in...
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/247773763_A_review_o...
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/CABI_Publications/CA_...
Digging ditches is much less cost-effective for this purpose than building small dams, though they seem to have also worked with those, ditches filled with rocks under a cover and used as a storage tank.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepwell
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilWbowNv5PI <- This is a huge stepwell, to give you an idea of why these can be so amazing.
> Groundwater is recharged naturally by rain and snow melt and to a smaller extent by surface water (rivers and lakes).
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/08/140819-groun...