Okay, here it is in Perl, the granddaddy of them all when it comes to implicit variables:
1. map { $_ * 2 } (1..10)
2. reduce { $a + $b } (1..1000)
3. scalar grep { /(scala)|(akka)|(play framework)|(sbt)|(typesafe)/ } "This is an example tweet talking about scala and sbt." # Pow, easy regex syntax!
4. open(my $fh, '<', "data.txt"); $/ = undef; my $text = <$fh>;
open(my $fh, '<', "data.txt"); my @lines = <$fh>;
5. map { $_ => "Happy Birthday " . (i == 3 ? "dear NAME" : "to you") } (1..4)
6. @grades = (49, 58, 76, 82, 88, 90); @passed = grep { $_ > 60 } @grades; @failed = grep { $_ < 60 } @grades; # Sort of gross, might also do this:
my (@passed, @failed);
map { $_ > 60 ? push @passed, $_ : push @failed, $_ } (49, 58, 76, 82, 88, 90);
7. # I'm not even going to try, because XML::Parser is disgusting. I'll just point out that you'd probably have the same amount of verbosity and disgustingness telling Scala (or Ruby) to parse $arbitrary_data_format, so XML being a one-liner really isn't a huge win.
8. min(14, 35, -7, 46, 98)
max(14, 35, -7, 46, 98)
Note: reduce(), min(), and max() are in List::Util, but that's in perl5 core, so they count.