I have weird experience with fingerprint sensor (on Android phone). It works, but I have to add "new" fingers approximately 1-2 times per month, as for some reason "old" fingerprints become unrecognizable.
748 karma · joined February 15, 2022
And money is not tightly coupled to give back, that is main trouble but also it is relief.
In many cases, with adequate humans, you could pay with some service or give some collectibles instead of money.
So main question, you should know human with which you made transaction and better if you have powerful soft skills, so you could hear what is really valuable for your party.
Good example - you could buy some rare tickets and give to your party. Or in my country once considered good to gift good puppy (for this you sure should know best breeder(s)).
For this is good book "ask your mother", but sure, you should train these skills very seriously, so your party will not got bored while you will negotiate (in some cases better to ask some third party, what is valuable for person).
Good side, with some experience you will become very powerful, so will literally exchange paper clip to house.
PS and don't forget main marketing principle - for success value of what you will give to human should be larger for him than he given to you. Larger don't mean magnitudes larger, in many cases even one dollar (or one good letter, or good public reply to his post), could be enough, but as I said - value depends on internal values of person, so you should really know him very good.
Main problem of C optimization, C is not expressive language, and using it tends to quantize problem to tiny chunks, so lost overall picture.
So yes, probably LLVM approach with optimizing already coded something similar to bytecode, could got some speedup, but with using higher level languages, speedup could be magnitudes better.
I think, future belongs to some hybrid approaches, good known domains create, or better word - handcraft with C or even on Assembly, but for less known use something like Prolog solver.
Mac was not cheap machine and Apple that time was not rich to make unnecessary thing - they really need to make a hit this time, and they succeed.
And yes, it is true, they was limited by bandwidth, it is also true they was limited by semi-32bit CPU speed.
But Mac was real step ahead at the moment, and had significant resources to grow when new technology will arrive. That what I think lack PCs of that time.
True. But note - very long RAM grows ~ periodically doubling one chip size, and first chips don't have controller inside, so require very short traces to bus chip or CPU.
And usually, old chip becomes for example 10% cheaper, but twice size priced ~50% more than old, and to adopt new chips you need new memory controller with additional pins.
> At the time there wasn't really any established trend of progressive growth in graphics resolution or colors
Unfortunately, only partially true.
You may hear about RAMDAC on video forums topics. It is partially palette, but also generator of video signal, reading from RAM very fast.
Problem is that first "fast page" DRAM have very slow interface, so when larger chips become available (and with cheaper kilobytes than older, this was real logic of semiconductor technology progress), speed of RAM was not grow. And unfortunately, this once become bottleneck, it limits grow pixelrate, so even with twice RAM you could not got twice resolution.
In past, I few times calculated speed of RAM need to give classic 60 FPS, and at least up to (and including) first SDRAM machines just show their screen was enough to eat significant share of main RAM throughput, so internal graphics could even affect CPU performance.
On consoles problem was not so harmful, because limited resolution of consumer TV, but on few consoles used expensive frame buffer inside graphics chip.
On modern GPUs problem of RAM throughput solved by used overclocked designed VRAM chips and with extremely wide RAM bus, so chips run in parallel - in computers typical ~64bit, but GPUs start with 128 and top models have 512 or even 1024 bits.
Thank you.
If you will look at Russian R-7 rocket, it have specific "package" design even without propellant crossfeed, but just to start all engines on ground.
And connector for typical rocket pressures of 60Atmospheres or more is really hard to do.
I've seen few books on this topic, but have some issues on translate them into program.
Most easy to use model of information inequality.
What I mean, usually professional know about his specialty magnitudes more than average person from other specialty.
On other side, market economy have extremely huge number of products on market. For example, USSR in best its years have about million part numbers nomenclature.
How free market economy solve these issues? - They just create infrastructure of entrepreneurs - intermediate actors, who help average person to find product best fit for him.
Unfortunately, in Russia entrepreneurs considered as enemy of society. So they have extremely low number of professional entrepreneurs and people just cannot find products in Russia, and shopping near entirely on global market, mostly from China, and Russian engineers just cannot sell their products.
Why internal market is important. Well, another model - micro-economy pf business. To make business, one need to make three things: 1st somewhere got knowledge, what to do (marketing); 2nd somewhere got investments (money) and invest them into make ready for market product (finance market, loans, credits, angels, vc funds); 3rd make sells (marketing). Unfortunately, only part of make product (without money) is really strong side of Russians, but they are really weak in marketing and their finance market is on very early stage of development. And as I already mentioned, in Russia entrepreneurs considered as enemy, but also they demonized all business, all things touching credits, investments and finances.
And when you trying to go abroad, you definitely will got harder access to finances or investments from other country, then yours. So, usually, exporters enter new country with powerful backup from their own country, and in Russia such backup is just not exist, or to be honest, it exist only for very limited circle of people close to top powers.
As said one American professor, Russians trying to get milk without a cow.
For example, for banks appear problem, people avoid to pay credits, so need some enforcement - powers approved confiscation of property to pay credit, but with exceptions of unprotected people, so bank cannot confiscate from pensioners, when child registered in property, and few others, so literally huge percent of citizens now protected from banks, and this new law is step back, not progress.
This was extremely ineffective society - because in such system people don't have any real motivation to grow and to become better.
And this leads to society of fools - when in 1990s borders opened, many scammers from all the world, made fortunes on fooling people, who just used to sterile environment without even weak manipulation, so totally defenseless for really serious scam.
Unfortunately such environment now, after 30 post-soviet years have extremely problems with economy.
Imagine, we in Ukraine have thousands engineers unemployed, or working for less than general laborer.
You may wonder, how this could happen. Answer - information inequality - engineer or any other professional know at least few times more than ordinary people (or from other specialty).
Why information inequality is so important - because even in USSR, where govt tried to make totally controlled "planning" economy, have about million products on market, so to optimize production need to solve system of equations 1Mx1M size, which is even now semi-possible.
In free market environment, complex of mechanisms "invisible hand of market", advertisement+entrepreneurs as intermediators+mechanisms of reputation, making market semi-optimal, so in real world have about 30% resources spend ineffective.
But when soviet govt claimed to make 100% effectiveness, in reality, was about 300% ineffective spending, and that's why USSR fail - just because was ineffective. This have many causes - first I already said - people was not motivated to grow anything; from lack of motivation appeared technical weakness - unmotivated people don't invent new things and not eager to adopt abroad technologies (because this also need lot of hard work); tech weakness leads to lack of modern computing infrastructure, so when USSR government dreamed about modern computers, could have only outdated hardware, steal from West (or got via grey-black schemes which is just other name of steal).
And after USSR fail, several directors of huge soviet enterprises, used scam schemes to become private owners of these enterprises, and now they brake reforms, to save their fortunes and power. And for small business need more than 10 years to gather so much resources and reputation, to become enough powerful to run reforms. So many exUSSR countries stuck in between totalitarian and democracy (in reality I see slow motion, but seen next fact in many cases impossible to say, if it is positive or negative, or just nothing significant), and nobody could predict, how many years will spent in this extremely slow motion (or I prefer to name it hang in the air).
So, if we made advertising illegal, huge enterprises will got huge advantage over small business, and will disappear concurrency, so richest people will become rich forever and poorest people will become poor forever.
And must admit, I sometimes don't like advertisement, but it is required by market, so we need to invent some other measures to make advertisement more ethical.
To be more concrete - estimate number of companies, which stay between mineral deposit and discrete GPU board which you could fit into your computer?
Be calm, ask right questions and you will got truth.
As example, Daimler stated, they will cut cheapest models from export to US, so some segment will got less concurrent market, and probably prices will raise.
Probably, this is because Daimler have much higher profits on expensive models, so they could just lower profits on them. Other variant, also possible, expensive niches are more tolerant to price raise.
For small countries, tariff raise nearly guarantee prices rise, but US is big country, things are not so simple.
As I know, US states few decades spent on talks about implement VAT, but have not achieved agreement yet.
For equivalent, most US states have trade tax, could be returned with set of rules. So, on some abstract level it could be considered as far equivalent of VAT, which is also could be returned with set of rules.
- As I know, usually VAT deducted from exported goods, but I really don't know how VAT work with import - usually on import used tariffs.
I'm electronics engineer, and even have once baked one chip layer on semiconductor practice, so I'm aware about technologies.
As I said before on Sinclair, few companies tried to make new on semiconductor market, and even some have success.
RAM manufacturers for a long time using approach of make multi-chip on one wafer - most RAM chips actually have 4..6 RAMs in one package, but few of them don't pass tests and disabled by fuses, so appear chips with 2 or 4 RAMs enabled and even with odd number of enabled chips.
Looks like Cerebras use similar to RAM manufacturers approach, just for other niche.
I've seen many approaches to computing in my life - optical, mechanical, hydro, even pneumatic. Classic digital based on CMOS is the most universal with huge range of mature debugging instruments.
CMOS digital is so universal, it even worth to pay magnitudes worse power consumption before find best structure, and then, sure use something less debuggable, but with better consumption.
Unfortunately, I don't have enough data to state, which will be better on power, CMOS or memristor. Just now CMOS is mature COTS tech, but memristor is still few years from COTS.
Cerebras, as I know, based on digital CMOS. Just using some tricks to handle near whole wafer space. BTW, Sir Clive Sinclair tried similar approach to make wafer-scale storage, but unsuccessful.
Answer found in economy works of Adam Smith and modern - Daron Acemoğlu, James A. Robinson.
Answer is simple and named information inequality.
What it mean - professional know magnitudes more than customer, and customer just don't know 99% of what exist on market, or even more.
To solve problem of information inequality appear middleman, usually in form of entrepreneur, who know customer needs and know what could do professionals, and invest in products (or in services).
Problem is that entrepreneur must have computer education, and at same time be old enough to talk with all people.
In China was so pure people before 2000s, they just don't know computers at all. After middle 2000s China become much richer, they even got about 60 millions more or less similar to middle class of Europe, from which about 7m programmers.
What all these means? Few things.
First - Chinese programmers are now busy in just filling emptiness, as they are culturally so different from West, that many Western soft is not fit, so Chinese programmers need to make their local clones, and they now repeat steps, Western programmers made in 1950s..2000s, so 50 years. Oh, sorry, really computer revolution at West happen in late 1970s, with microcomputers, but anyway, at West we have programmers nearly all ages from school to about 80years old (2020-1980+30..40), but in China, most just about 40 years at most (2020-2005+20).
Second - Chinese programmers don't have enough entrepreneurs, so they cannot got contact with clients, this is like huge concrete wall.
Third, really First - Chinese population older than about 40 years, just don't have any feelings to computers. Believe me, I know lot of people for which virtual world is just don't exists, so Chinese programmers just don't have any feedback from their population, and so they cannot use their home country as foundation to grow. This is so serious obstacle, which just made literally impossible creation of something really interesting but not tied to huge corporation, and China don't have startup ecosystem, because it need decades to grow.
So from all these points for me obvious, we could only see from China only big corporation products with Chinese specifics, and all known examples show this: few games, clone of internet search engine, clone of linux and lot of nearly unknown embedded software in Chinese products.
In about 20 years things could change, if China will open culturally to West, but now they filling gap.
That is whole difference.
Any way, will be sort of CCD matrix to use any of these techs (may be something like modern Flash as storage, or DRAM cell with refresh), but CMOS is very straightforward to produce and to use.
Why I mention CCD - it is analog storage with multiple levels, organized as multiple lines with output line on one side. It could also be used as solid-state circular buffer to access separate cells.
So, these CMOS transistors will work as neuron, but weights will be stored as analog value in CCD.
No definitely. RTX4090 definitely use fast graphics RAM (though it is usually previous generation, but overclocked and very wide bus). AMD Strix Halo definitely use standard DDR5 which is not so fast.
And yes, Strix Halo GPU using "3dcache", but as officials said, CPU don't have access to GPU cache, because "have not seen any app significantly benefited from such access".
So probably, internal SoC bus should have less delay than discrete GPU on PCIe, but not too much different.
And unfortunately, human view is a brake, in most cases, people not only avoid to see obvious things, but tend to make powerful resistance to new things.
For example, Dropbox, now all thinking it is obvious, but at beginning all investors avoid to talk about it, and creators need some way to broke this wall.
They created fake video, how somebody would copy files between all his devices, and gathered emails of people who want to become first users of this technology. And gathered some huge number of registrations, and after this one VC fund agreed to give them money for prototype.
So this is part of startup culture, named "make it - fake it". It need to support people, who have really cool ideas and agree to sacrifice their life to work on idea and for future earns if this idea will win.
And yes, I have so large number of talks with such people, I could definitely say - they usually so unusual that typical person think them just crazy and sure will not invest in them money, and this is really Great problem.
Fortunately, US partially resolved this problem, created places with very special culture, where non-standard people could flourish, but in Europe/Britain, things are not so good, and that's why Europe lags behind progress.
Examples of startup friendly places are California and Texas. And BTW, they are very different, for example you could see TV series "Halt and Catch Fire (2017)". I have spent very pleasant time with first season, but you could try to see all seasons, may be you will see something what I have not catch.
BTW you could read history of Osborne company on wiki, but better if you'll read after TV series, as there are some important clues to understand.
I would be agree about non-trained people before 2014, but from 2014 we have even experience of self-defense, because in February 2014 government just not paid money to militia (soviet analogue for police), and they just avoid to maintain law.
2014 was not full-scale war in standard understanding, it was more like war against terrorists, but it was very serious, with many cases of terrorists used military weapons and military equipment.
Many people participated in self-defense after 2014 joined military, others participated in trainings, and yes, businesses and civilians supported these trainings, and government don't resisted.
So, on 2022, really many people on territory controlled by government have participated in trainings and even was experienced in real battles.
Mariupol, and other cities now occupied (after 2022), because there was anti-Ukrainian population and they believed will live better under Russia.
Also few border cities occupied (Kherson, Energodar, where Nuclear Power Plant placed), because Ukrainian military avoid to conduct serious city battles, to avoid huge civilian casualties.
And I must admit, Ukrainian military before approx Summer 2023, suffered from shortage of heavy weapons and air support, but now forces are nearly balanced. BTW what also interesting, huge part of Ukrainian weapons used on zero are now FPV drones made in Ukraine.
This is myth. Ukrainian war began in 2014 and all adequate Ukrainians learned books about war or have some training, and this was very respectful form of pastime.
Plus, many Ukrainians just served in military from 2014 consciously, this was great patriotic boom.
To be honest, I think, if Ukrainian science and education was reformed before war 2022, we would be much better prepared and would not lost additional territories. But unfortunately, we hear from our governments constant "don't critic us, or Putin will attack", and this is hard to broke circle.
I cannot say anything about Gaza.
But I live in Kyiv, Ukraine, and I have lot of talks with civilian resistance, from about 2012 (yes, Euro-2012 significant).
And I could say, map of occupied Ukrainian territory is very close to map of least pro-Ukrainian civilian activity.
I could state exactly - territory where pro-Ukrainian civilian activity (mostly in form of various Non-Government Organizations), was high before war, stay under control of Ukrainian government, but territory where previous power just physically destroyed civilian activity was lost.
Exceptions are Kharkiv and Odessa, where anti-Ukrainian Organizations was very powerful, but they appear very early and pro-Ukrainian forces successfully neutralized them.
What I mean saying about physically destroyed civilian activity, for example The deportation of the Crimean Tatars.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deportation_of_the_Crimean_Tat...
And you hit bull eye - as I know, ultrafast charger cable usually have liquid cooling.
For example, I hear many good things about how good fit Kanban with ops.
Discipline is really problem within agile teams, and Agile approach is not effective when team is not disciplined enough.
But, when team already gain good discipline, for example within large waterfall project, will really flourish after switch to Agile/SCRUM.
So, as I see, good approach to use waterfall project as bench and as filter (some people just could not work in team at all, or could not work in Agile environment, so unfortunately need layoff them), and than switch survivors to Agile.
Must admit, could exist other ways to achieve efficient Agile, but at the moment I don't think they as effective as waterfall train bench and only after it Agile.
Plus, they have thousands of multimedia carriers (cinema, music, etc) and one time was archived all tweets for history preservation.
But all multimedia and tweets are much less volume than texts, but added few additional dimensions, hard to express with text.