As of the Starship presentation last week, current production is 5 Raptor 2's per week and they are ramping up to 1/day. Starship is important for Starlink to finish its full-scale deployment cost-effectively, but if they deploy satellites at a lower rate on Falcon 9 this year it's not going to break the company. The delay right now is from FAA approval on Boca Chica launches, worst case SpaceX expects their new Florida Starship launch site to become operational before the end of the year.
The problem is that even when that choice is given, every Google search pushes Chrome, Microsoft constantly pushes you to switch to Edge. I'm not sure how much Apple pushes Safari, but last I heard it actually gives superior battery life on Mac OS so there's a real technical reason to not use Firefox.
People are not finite. They change addresses, have kids, get different jobs, etc. The flows of people shift around over time, and the transportation infrastructure is one factor that influences those flow patterns.
Each write is striped across all of the disks. For a stripe to be completely written, all disks must finish writing the data. Thus your max write IOPS equals that of the slowest drive in the vdev.
I just upgraded to a big 4K monitor and I'm trying to figure out my options for migrating from GNOME+Wayland on Ubuntu 22.04. It seems like there's sway (i3 ported to Wayland) along with some sort of sway-GNOME session config that looks like a WIP. Or there's a GNOME extension called ShellTile but it needs to be ported to GTK4. Does anyone else have recommendations for a GNOME-ish tiling setup under Wayland?
Suburbs were not created out of a natural desire people had. There was a combination of federal financial incentives and racist motives in the 50s that created them, and they are far less efficient than cities by basically every metric.
The source is linked in another comment below, but to clarify, there is no extra heater hardware, there's a software function that ramps up the dish power to make the chips run hotter to melt the snow.
There's not much new info here since the last time the project was discussed. The first two comments here link to informative videos about how the reactor works: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24629828#24634733
News since then:
CFS has now raised $1.8B
They have demonstrated a full-size magnet with a field strength of 20 Tesla
They have started construction on the new SPARC reactor facility.
Commonwealth Fusion Systems plans to hit Q>10 net energy gain in their SPARC reactor in 2025, and then turn on a continuously operating ARC power plant around 2030. They plan to use a steel vacuum chamber which will need annual replacement. The rest of the ARC reactor will be shielded by a FLiBe molten salt blanket which will absorb neutrons and convert their energy into heat.
This article is not about ITER, it is discussing a new reactor being built by an MIT spin-off company called Commonwealth Fusion Systems. They plan to build a demo reactor by 2025, and a full scale power plant by 2030.
CFS's ARC reactor design will use a FLiBe molten salt blanket to shield everything except the vacuum chamber itself, which is a steel doughnut with 2cm thick walls. They plan to build a proof of concept reactor by 2025 that will have net energy gain (Q > 10), and then a full demo power plant by 2030. CFS believes they can move faster than ITER because the newer stronger magnets that they're using make smaller reactors viable. Smaller scale means cheaper to build, which means a nimbler private company can build it rather than a bureaucratic international project.
Commonwealth Fusion Systems has addressed all of those issues:
1. The higher field strength from the new HTS magnets eliminates turbulence.
2. The ARC reactor will use a FLiBe molten salt blanket to capture energy from neutrons and breed tritium to be used in the fusion reaction.
3. The ARC reactor is designed to have a swappable 2cm thick vacuum chamber, which is the component subjected to the most neutron radiation (everything else is shielded by the molten salt blanket). These chambers are expected to last a year, and while they are moderately radioactive waste, the amount of material is relatively small and they should become safe in the order of a decade.
I highly recommend watching Dr. Whyte's talks on YouTube, he discusses the challenges, design, and performance in an approachable way. There's a timestamp index in the comments on this video:
West coast ports likely move cargo from Asia onto trains destined for much of the central US, which avoids canal fees and bottlenecks, as well as wasted time backtracking.
How free is their will? Can they choose not to poop? Can they choose to use a toilet when they have to poop? Can they choose to have all of the prerequisites to have their own toilet to poop in? (a stable location to live, an income stream to pay for it, freedom from addiction or mental illness that would disrupt their ability to generate income...)
It's possible to overbuild roads where there isn't demand for them. But for major metropolitan areas, there are large numbers of people who want to go to similar categories of destinations, and their choice of specific destination is constrained by convenience. If expanding a road reduces congestion (and thus time to reach somewhere), more people will travel farther distances to get there until a new congestion equilibrium is reached.
The Red Cross has ~7 million donors per year (~2% of the population). That's not really evidence that they could sample a large enough portion of the population as quickly as they could be vaccinated. And again, it doesn't increase herd immunity. It does at least have a side benefit of increasing our blood inventory, but also has the downside of potentially spreading infection among the unvaccinated while they donate.
I'd recommend reading the official Hashicorp website for that, but the gist is that nomad is another way of deploying apps in containers (similar to kubernetes), consul is how apps find other apps to talk to (kinda like DNS but with health checking built-in so they don't get stale info), and vault is how apps retrieve the credentials they need to connect to other services.
Most people in the US who have contracted COVID-19 don't have proof of it. Vaccinating everyone is cheaper and more consistent than trying to build out mass testing infrastructure. Plus if you can convince people to show up for a test, it's better to just vaccinate them. Tests can come back negative, or give false positives, in which case those people still won't have immunity, but the benefits of the vaccine are pretty well understood. AFAIK it's more of an issue of ensuring public safety and efficiency than whether your immune system produced good enough antibodies from an infection.
Road space is currently unmetered. Parking space is also often unmetered or underpriced. Should it be the same price for everyone to drive 18-wheelers and RVs and cars and mopeds into the center of a city? Bicycles are the most efficient mode of transportation in terms of energy, except for the densest urban subways.
Cars are a local maximum of utility that doesn't require much coordination or planning. They took advantage of pre-existing public roads and then crowded out all other road users, and subsequent roads were simpler to design and plan for cars than for mixed use with other road users.
There will be as much traffic on a road as there are people willing to put up with it. Urban planners can reduce traffic by introducing alternative transportation methods and either raising costs for cars (congestion pricing, dynamic parking pricing, etc) or making them less convenient (reduce parking, fewer cars lanes, etc). Some transportation options, like buses and bikes, become more attractive when infrastructure prioritizes them over cars (dedicated rights-of-way to avoid getting stuck, separation from cars for safety, bicycle parking, etc).
At one time it was a concern that malicious actors would spoof urls with unicode confusables. Chrome (and others, but unsure of the exact list) implemented restrictions on displaying unicode characters to try to prevent this: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/i...
CFS has plans for swappable vacuum chambers (1 year lifespan) and the liquid blanket will protect the magnets for a 10 year lifespan.
This talk by the MIT Nuclear Science department head explains the whole rationale behind ARC/SPARC, and this timestamp is where he starts talking about maintenance and the neutron blanket (5 minutes later): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkpqA8yG9T4&t=2400s
SpaceX's main innovation was that they decided to build a rocket that wasn't optimized for performance or reliability, but cost. They were willing to bear huge development risks to create a new price category and capture latent demand for cheaper launches.