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jdbernard

1,339 karma · joined July 16, 2010

Jonathan Bernard Co-Founder & CTO @ Probatem
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jdbernard··on Hey, wait – is employee performance Gaussian distributed?
Parent's point was about lay-offs, not firings. I'm very comfortable with their suggestion. Make the company be explicit. If it's a firing ("they are underperforming") then sure, that doesn't affect H1B eligibility, but you have to actually fire them. If it is a layoff ("we don't need those jobs") then why are you turning around and hiring for them immediately afterwards?
jdbernard··on Managing High Performers
> You likely again have never seen a true high performer

No one has. ;)

> [You] are confusing them for high output.

Not really. I agree that high performance is more than just high output. When I said this:

> My job is to make sure they have clarity on the team and organizational goals, make sure my management has visibility and confidence in our team, and create a healthy, high trust environment that allows my team members to work at their best.

I was thinking specifically about empowering them to be effective across the management hierarchy. That's the point of creating clarity around goals: so that team members can make autonomous decisions that don't rely on me to be the arbiter of quality/truth/whatever. I'm going to describe the target, not prescribe the path. And yes, even that description of the target is open to reevaluation. Facilitating healthy communication and bringing clarity is one of the fundamental purposes of the management role, in my opinion. As an organization grows the sheer number of conversations happening becomes too much for everyone to keep track of. Managers should function as clearing houses for important communication (not bottlenecks) so that other don't have to spend all of their time doing it. But the purpose of this is to make sure that people that have the skills/context/responsibility/ability have everything at the ready.

It's also why I said

> [I expect they] eventually grows to be better at their job than I am at their job

High-trust management is in many ways a different and orthogonal role. But you likely have never seen a truly high-trust manager.

If the high-performer is "so good [..] that it makes you almost unnecessary in the equation," great! Let's promote them to Staff/Principal/Distinguished and have them report directly to the VP/C-suite, whatever.

jdbernard··on Against Best Practices
That's a straw man. The actual argument is about the danger of applying "best practices" uncritically, not about doing away with leadership.

"Do X because it's best practice" is very different than "do X because you were commanded by your rightful authority to do so."

jdbernard··on Managing High Performers
That's only true if you expect managers to control the people they lead. Another approach is to empower them instead. As a manager my expectation is that each of my direct reports eventually grows to be better at their job than I am at their job. My job is to make sure they have clarity on the team and organizational goals, make sure my management has visibility and confidence in our team, and create a healthy, high trust environment that allows my team members to work at their best. Again, it is my hope and desire that my reports exceed my own expertise. Additionally, management is itself a different skillset.
jdbernard··on Fearless SSH: Short-lived certificates bring Zero Trust to infrastructure
I think the original poster's intention was to be somewhat inflammatory as a way to draw attention to the very high level of trust you are granting to CloudFlare in this model. You are effectively giving them whatever privileges you yourself have on those boxes.

Of course, CloudFlare is making it their business to be and convince others that they are that trusted third-party.

jdbernard··on Fearless SSH: Short-lived certificates bring Zero Trust to infrastructure
Different responder, but I imagine they are referring to CloudFlare's stated ability to:

Provide command logs and session recordings to allow administrators to audit and replay their developers’ interactions with the organization’s infrastructure.

The only way they can do this is if they record and store the session text, effectively a keylogger between you and the machine you are SSH'ing into.

jdbernard··on Why and how we’re migrating many of our servers from Linux to the BSDs
> I would work for myself, following my own philosophy.

Sounds like he understood it just fine. He owns the means of production.

jdbernard··on What happens in a mind that can't 'see' mental images
Not OP, but another visual aphant.

Navigation - I'm doing the same thing, but without "seeing" it. I know Georgetown is N-NE of Austin, Liberty Hill is due W from Georgetown, IH-35 runs N-S but actually slightly NE-SW through Austin for example. I can draw pretty good maps on command (if not to scale), but I don't "see" that until I put it on paper. I think I actually have a much better recall of spatial relations than my wife, who has a vivid mind's eye.

Regarding math: again a similar process, but I don't "see"the equations. Coding is interesting because when I'm really in the zone I feel like I can sit, think, and come up with a holistic design for some problem. Then as I start to write the code I can "feel" the congruence or discongruence between the code I've written and the design I conceptualized. But it's not, for example, a visualized graph in my head. It's more of a physical graph, like holding a carved statue and feeling the curves, edges, and features. Except it's not the same physical sensation as touch, but a mental analog.

Edit: another commentator called it "imaginary proprioception" which I find very apt.

jdbernard··on What happens in a mind that can't 'see' mental images
I'll add another data point as I believe I'm on the extreme end of complete aphantasia:

Dreaming: Hard to describe without using words that imply too much here. It's the same as my imagination when reading. Meaning, I am aware of the plot, I can "feel" the place setting, recognize the actors involved, and sometimes even feel/understand the internal motivations of other actors in my dreams. It's hard to describe what I mean by "feeling," but maybe it is similar to how you "feel" your emotions. None of this is visual, even in my dreams. I rarely remember my dreams.

Recalling memories: As the article mentions, I have very weak autobiographical and episodic memories, to the point where my wife and friends are often surprised at how much more clearly they remember the events of my own life. I really do not recall, with any clarity, any events more than 10 years old. At the same time, my memory of "causal facts" is very strong. Meaning I have the ability to remember why things happened basically forever. For example, when taking calculus, I had a very hard time memorizing trigonometric identities, but if I was taught the origin, the "why" I would remember how recreate the identity on the fly for test. Plotlines are similar. I remember the motivation of the characters, the motivating details of the plotline itself, and then subsequent detail is attached to those logical threads of memory. Recall seems very tied to useful purpose. Meaning, I can't just remember something in detail at request. But if I take 15-30 minutes to start working on something, I am flooded with memories regarding that subject. And of course, none of these memories have a visual component. It's all more of an abstract collection of "stuff" that has a real mental substance and mass, for lack of better words, but not imagery.

Recalling visual media: Similar to above. The media is decomposed into chains of cause/effect. Again, hard to describe. I cannot "replay" a movie in any meaningful sense, but if we sit down to watch a movie I've already seen, I will immediately remember basically the entire plotline within a few minutes. I don't really enjoy rewatching movies, or even replaying video games unless there is something novel (watching with someone new/extra content). Reading books is different. I regularly reread books I enjoyed, maybe because there is a much higher amount of content from a logical plotline/story point of view.

Imagination: I "feel" things? Again, mostly centered around arranging lines of causal detail. When I was younger I used to put myself to sleep by making up stories in my head. This is very easy for me, but it's like an audio book (without visualization). This happens, then this happens. Alice says this, and that made Bob believe that, implying feelings. Miscommunication! Etc. Outside of imaginary storytelling I spent most of my time as a kid imagining what I could do/build, and this is the main activity of my adult imagination: imagining things I could make, things I could do with my family, etc.

Maybe another example, I'm not face-blind. I recognize faces, even in my imagination, but I don't "see" them in any literal fashion. For example I can imagine, now, what Viggo M. cast as Aragorn looks like, through the different emotional exclusions of the character, but I "feel" it. I don't see his face visually. I've had the experience of reading a book, watching a movie adaptation, and disliking the casting choice because it didn't match the "picture" in my head. Only there is no literal picture. The actors face "feels" wrong for the character. After seeing the actor I could tell you why their face was wrong for the role, but I could not tell you ahead-of-time what the character "looks like" in my imagination. I tend not to remember details of an author's physical description of their characters. I can't tell you, even now, if Aragorn has blue or brown eyes in the books. I think Viggo M. haa blue eyes, but that's a fact I'm remembering, not a mental image I'm consulting.

Reading: not much to add I haven't touched on already.

jdbernard··on What happens in a mind that can't 'see' mental images
No. I replied in a sibling comment, but even in the few dreams I remember there is no visual image at all.
jdbernard··on What happens in a mind that can't 'see' mental images
I have complete aphantasia. I do dream, but rarely remember them. The dreams I do remember have the same quality as my imagination when reading a book. Meaning, I don't see anything when I dream. I know the story, I can feel the place setting, and recognize the actors involved (even to the point of knowing their internal motivation like my own), but there is no visual component whatsoever.
jdbernard··on If AI chatbots are the future, I hate it
At this point we're going to need to provide sources if we want to get further value out of this discussion because I disagree with your definition and don't believe your characterization of the history of incorporation. Profit sharing and ownership interest have always been a motivating aspect of incorporation, yes, but historically the main goal of the corporation has not been earning capital as their primary motive. The first US corporations, for example, where chartered by the government with specific goals in mind. The question of scope/goal is still part of the incorporation process. If the purpose of all corporations was profit, by definition, why ask? I that is vestigial: we used to care more about the charter and goal because profit was a concern, but not the primary concern.

I'm also intentionally not making a value judgement on what a corporation should do, rather pointing out that there exist many possibilities beyond a pure profit motive.

jdbernard··on As an Employee, You Are Disposable (2023)
Sounds like a skill issue.

Joking aside I know, personally, business owners who have consistently acted with integrity and managed to maintain a successful, profitable business over the course of 30+ years, adjacent to the real estate market, surviving 2008, etc. so it's not like they've never faced had time or tough competitors. In that time they have never had layoffs. They've had to cut pay and reduce benefits in lean times, but providing gainful employment is a core value (above profit!!) and it has worked.

jdbernard··on If AI chatbots are the future, I hate it
I think ISPs are actually a great counter-example to your point. The major ISPs are not dominant because they are the only ones able to stay profitable given the tight margins.

There are several examples of local, for profit, ISPs that are about to provide a better service, at a lower cost, and with better customer service. The major ISPs have not responded to this by truly outcompeting these challengers, but by weaponizing the legal system to shut these competitors down.

So, while I agree that "a company can not survive if expenses exceed income", I disagree with your premise that you cannot provide decent customer service within the profit margins of these businesses.

jdbernard··on If AI chatbots are the future, I hate it
No, it's not, or at least, it doesn't have to be, and it wasn't always. It's amazing how our modern society has so completely lionized and internalized greed.

Maybe the core concept of a corporation could be, for example:

- to make an excellent product in a sustainable manner,

- to provide gainful employment,

- to steward a natural resource,

- to push the boundaries of human knowledge,

- to organize a portion of society,

- etc.

I'm sure I could go on, this is literally 3 minutes of thought so far.

All of these could be pursued as the primary purpose of the corporation, with a goal of doing so profitably as a secondary concern. None of these are fundamentally incompatible with seeking profits. And in fact, in the past, as part of incorporation, you had to create a charter: what was the purpose of your corporation? That's actually still part of the prices if you go to register a business, though I don't know how meaningful it is anymore. Even the doctrine that corporations be managed "for the benefit of the shareholders," does not necessarily imply a focus on earning capital above all else.

But when the idea that profits are the sole and highest aim of a business, then yes, a lot of very good things get lost along the way.

This is already s long comment, so I'll stop here. I'm not convinced that the way we've chosen in 2024 to conceptualize corporations, even capitalism, is the only way. I think this statement:

> [Earning capital is] literally what a corporation is for

is a value judgement, not a natural definition.

jdbernard··on The Software Crisis
Yes, I think broadly we agree. Thanks for the discussion.

> What does that have to do with abstractions or the lack of physical constraints?

Someone like Steve Jobs becomes a forcing function to maintain a high bar of quality. He's the exception that proves the rule. In the general case you can't rely on someone like Steve Jobs, but in other domains you still have a higher minimal quality bar driven by physical constraints.

I concede that in every domain it is true that "cheap stuff made quickly breaks." My argument is that even then there is a minimal bar that is set by physical constraints. If the bridge doesn't stand it doesn't get built. If you cut too many corners or rush too much it just doesn't get built, or has to be rebuilt. This leads to overages and delay, but at the end of the process the bridge meets the physical specs or it falls over. I think the lack of any such physical constraints means that there is no such minimal bar for software and the floor of quality is therefore much lower, even in software by large, successful, and well-funded, "marquee" companies.

jdbernard··on The Software Crisis
> But yes, sometimes the phone doesn't stop vibrating.

I failed to communicate clearly. Yes, I agree, the scope of human achievement is amazing, software included. However, the issues with software go far deeper than just the trivial example I gave of the phone. It's pervasive and pernicious. I assume most software developers understand this as lived experience, but I'll elaborate more.

Almost every single person I know who is not an IT professional of some sort regularly comes to me, my son, and others who are IT professionals for help with things that are broken and non-functional to the point that they cannot use it without assistance. And that's just the show-stoppers. There is tons of crappy software that they've just found workarounds for, and they've gotten so used to having to find workarounds that they've just stopped complaining. Not because it's working correctly, but they would rather be happy and accept it than get constantly worked up about something over which they have no control. This is not entirely unique to software, but there isn't really any other mass technology that is as bad as software.

Software is simultaneously miraculous and horrible. Because of computing we have capabilities that would be seen as science fiction or magic not too long ago. But because of the things called out in this article, these magical tools and technologies are plagued by endless amounts of things that just don't work right, break randomly, and fail in unexpected ways.

With physical systems and hard sciences we identify the physical constraints, model the system, and then engineer solutions around those models, refining our solutions as we refine our models. With software we make up the models, rarely fully document them, and slap things together as we go. Some companies do better than others, and some domains take quality and reliability seriously, but in my experience even that correlates to distance from physical constraints. In general the portions of our industry that are closer to real-world constraints (chip manufacturing, control interfaces, etc.) have historically been better about delivering quality software.

If I come across as frustrated it's because I am. I love building software, and I used to love using software, but I am incredibly frustrated by the gap between what we've built and what is possible.

I could keep going, but I'll end this comment with one other observation. I'm not an Apple fanboy by any means, but Apple used to be the exception to this general rules of "software just kind of generally sucks." Apple used to be "it just works." And that was because Steve Jobs was the forcing function on quality. It's possible.

Again, this isn't unique to software. Excellence in any domain requires someone to be the standard bearer. At a restaurant it may be the head chef, refusing to let anything out of the kitchen that doesn't meet their high bar, for example. In every domain there exist various pressures that push quality down (time, cost, etc.) but software lacks the natural floor established by physical constraints, and is unique riddled with problems, IMHO.

jdbernard··on The Software Crisis
The thing that is unique about software is the lack of physical constraints which serve as a natural forcing function or filter on quality. With a bridge, for example, at some level it must meet a minimum bar of structural integrity, quality of materials, etc. or it will fall over from its own weight. As a cook, there is a bare minimum I have to hit with the quality of my ingredients and skill of preparation in order for the food to be palatable and edible.

No such limits exist on software beyond maybe performance and memory constraints. But both of those are in abundance, so we can and do patch over crap endlessly. Every one of us has had that moment where we think or say, "how does this even work?" But until the user hits the wrong edge case they have no idea how rickety the underlying code is.

> This happens billions of times a day, all across the world, and mostly flawlessly.

No, I'd argue it's much more common for there to be flaws. They're just not obvious. They're random crap like my phone continuing to vibrate after I've answered the call until I get another call or text. Or options disappearing from a web app because something didn't load 100% correctly. Or the joys of flaky Bluetooth pairing. The list is endless.

"Have you tried turning it off and on again" is evidence of this. It's normal for software systems to get into such inscrutably subtle bad states that the only fix is to wipe everything and reload from scratch.

jdbernard··on The Software Crisis
I didn't read it that way. I read it as an introduction to a counter-cultural paradigm shift away from the "move fast and break things" and "abstract over it" mindsets. I'm very interested in the path they are going to outline.
jdbernard··on The Programmer's Brain (2021)
The idea of a multi-lingual programming language is so interesting. The fact that there is a lingua-franca for programming is, ironically, both a huge boon for accessibility and a large hurdle. With a single programming language any programmer only has to learn one language to gain access to the vast majority of programming languages and codebases. But if you are not already a native speaker, learning that common language can be a significant barrier to entry. This isn't new, of course, we've had several eras of different lingua-franca in science, for example (Latin, German, etc.).

Looking at it more, Hedy looks like it solves the latter problem reducing the barrier to entry. I wonder if something like this could be used to also keep the benefit of a common language. It looks like it allows you to choose at the beginning what language to use for authoring code, but could you use it's mapping of keywords across languages to allow a reader to choose the language they view the code in? Would that be sufficient? Maybe not because you still have variable names, function names, etc. that wouldn't have such a mapping. But I wonder how far that kind of auto-translation would get you. And how effective AI-based translation of the remainder would be, especially if paired with some sort of AST-based tooling that helps the AI to use consistent naming for the same symbols, etc. Interesting!

jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
If this was the first time they were packaging keepassxc, this would be fine. If they instead chose to remove the keepassxc package and provide two new packages, keepassxc-minimal and keepassxc-full, it would be fine. It's the fact that the main package that people already have installed will no longer have functionality that many users depend on, breaking their configurations after an update.
jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
The fact that they are customizing the software is not really the issue. The issue is that they are making a change that will remove significant functionality and in some cases completely lock some users out of their password database, which is a huge deal. Imagine if you wake up tomorrow, run a software update and then can't log in to your bank?

I imagine the reason this has blown up so much is that the maintainer never reached out to the upstream about this, and was rude and condescending when upstream reached out to them.

jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
If you read the GitHub discussion these features are usually compiled in but not actually exercised until the user enabled then in the UI. The debian packager has changed the compile-time configuration to disable them at compile-time, making them unavailable to the user in the UI. Regardless of the makefile defaults this be a breaking change.

There is a some confusion because the flags that control these features at compile-time do default to OFF if not provided, but the installation instructions in the same documentation also tell you to compile with XC_ALL set to ON. The maintainers themselves talk about all features being enabled at compile-time in the discussion thread and even consider removing these compile-time flags altogether to prevent compiling keepassxc without these features. So "disabled by default" is not really an accurate understanding. It is clear that the intended configuration from the authors is for all features to be compiled in and available.

See: https://github.com/keepassxreboot/keepassxc/issues/10725#iss... https://github.com/keepassxreboot/keepassxc/issues/10725#iss...

jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
Particularly of features that users depend on. It really leaves the impression that he thinks very little of debian users.
jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
Let's say that I had the previous version of keepassxc installed and used a Yubikey to protect it. Now when the distro updates, through no actions of my own, I will be locked out of my password DB because the Yubikey extension is no longer compiled in to the version of KeePassXC the distro is shipping under the original name. Yes, this breaks core functionality. How is this a good thing?
jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
Or maybe just fork the project instead and let users who want these features use the package the way the authors intended.

There are multiple KeePass implementations. The people using this one are doing so because they want its features.

jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
The most secure system is the system with no features! Let's delete everything. #nofeatures #securityonly
jdbernard··on KeePassXC Debian maintainer has removed all network features
The problem is that this will break all existing users who use those features when they update. One of the comments in the GitHub thread has a better path, IMHO: ship two new packages, a -minimal and a -full, and the user to choose, rather than silently break functionality (NEWS is fine, but not really read by user as everyone admits).
jdbernard··on Everything Is Dominance Hierarchies
it's hard to argue that it's incorrect.

That is my argument though. Dominance hierarchies are one foundational lens through which to view the world, yes I agree. However, it is not the only one, and if you were to use that lens to try to understand, for example, my motivations and my life choices, you would come to incorrect conclusions. It is possible to interpret my life choices through the lens of ego-driven pursuit of dominance, but that interpretation will not lead to an accurate understanding. You can overfit that model to my life, but it will not have predictive power because it is fundamentally an incorrect model through which to understand my motivations.

jdbernard··on Everything Is Dominance Hierarchies
Lol, this is laughably far from my lived experience, and I imagine that of many others.

Child has ego → wants to be important → demonstrates a certain talent → identifies a dominance hierarchy predicated on that talent → consumes the mythology of the intrinsic importance of that dominance hierarchy, storied by generations of those who climbed it → spend your life climbing to the top of that dominance hierarchy.

For me it is: child has fun, wants to continue to have fun → realizes he has the most fun making things with people he loves → realizes society won't let him do what he wants to do unless he checks arbitrary boxes → spends time having fun making things instead of checking boxes → spend life trying to find a comfortable place to have fun making things and enjoying family.

The author may deny my internal motivations and assume I'm self-deluded all they want, but I am quite convinced that I know myself far better than them. I'm interested in having done things I find meaningful, not being someone of importance, and the actions of my life back up that assertion.

This article is an overly simplistic view of the world and human motivations. You get to choose if this is how you live your life, and you really can choose purpose and values other than ego. Ego and greed may be the norm for modern culture, and may be the typical way that the corporate world operates, but it is certainly not the only way. It's almost narcissistic how much it assumes that everyone else's motivations are exactly like the author's.

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