I've been fascinated by the genre of creepy "liminal space" pictures for ages because the universal nature of how offputting they are seems to transcend a lot of cultural barriers
I think that it actually boils down to a very deep seeded similar animalistic fear all of us have: the agoraphobic open spaces with no place to hide, lack of furniture or shelving to hide behind either, unreliable lighting with stark shadows that could hide danger, no windows or inability to judge the passage of time or ostensibly escape through. They're always desolate with no people around, and what's more, evidence that nobody's been through in ages so you can't even hope to stumble upon anyone. Abandoned places, dangerous decrepit old buildings, places too large to count on passing by another person, places abandoned at night because people have left.
In the end, you feel trapped like a rat in a shoebox with nowhere to go. If something trying to get you appeared, you'd have no options to run or fight back, and nobody to call out to for help.
one of my favourite series of images were of an american suburb, rows of identical houses with fences, far apart from each other so interaction with neighbours was minimal, short little trees, so everything is exposed. Because the construction was so new, nobody had moved in yet, so there were no cars, no lit up windows, absolutely no life. In lieu of walls keeping you trapped, the sheer size was the isolating factor: you could run away for 10 minutes and get nowhere.