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fuglede_

468 karma · joined July 17, 2021

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fuglede_··on Show HN: Swapple, a little daily puzzle on linear reversible circuit synthesis
Yeah, the problem is in a sense solved asymptotically by the optimal construction in https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0302002, but that one tends to lead to long solutions in practice, so there's plenty of room to try to come up with solutions that give shorter solutions for concrete instances.
fuglede_··on Show HN: Swapple, a little daily puzzle on linear reversible circuit synthesis
That's nifty! There's a lot of symmetry that can help to boil it down. For example, you actually only need row moves, and any solution with column moves can canonically be turned into one with row moves; post-composing with Ci→j is pre-composing with Rj→i.

One can think of the set of all possible board configurations as the vertices as a graph, with edges indicating how to move between configurations. Then your 1536 solutions are the 1536 distinct shortest paths between the starting and target configuration.

Then, you can also choose to consider not just board configurations, but board configurations up to simultaneous permutation of rows and columns; that will also reduce the number of unique solutions.

fuglede_··on Show HN: Swapple, a little daily puzzle on linear reversible circuit synthesis
Thanks for sharing your thoughts!

I know of some work on trying out various heuristics for A*; Section 5 of https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.06508 gives some examples of what works and what doesn't. I don't think D* Lite specifically has ever featured. There's plenty of room for trying to come up with other heuristics, and just for other takes in general.

> But for bigger boards you won't be able to materialize the whole graph.

If we restrict to boards corresponding to solvable puzzles, the number of vertices is https://oeis.org/A002884 (1, 1, 6, 168, 20160, 9999360, 20158709760, …) and indeed grows quickly. It's possible to manipulate the 7×7 case (https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.01467, shameless plug) but anything bigger than that seems hard.

One can ask, for example, how many moves are needed for the hardest n×n Swapple. For n = 1, …, 7 the answers are 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 respectively, but we don't know what the answer is for n = 8.

fuglede_··on Show HN: Swapple, a little daily puzzle on linear reversible circuit synthesis
The confetti is currently there for when you find a shortest solution. I'd say 13 moves deserves at least a star or two, so I'll have to add that!
fuglede_··on Show HN: Swapple, a little daily puzzle on linear reversible circuit synthesis
Heh, nice catch, I think you'll find that with a bit of work, you can make row reduction/Gaussian elimination work here as well. But that the resulting sequences of operations can get very long! One thing I personally like about the puzzle is that once you've played it for a few days, you start gaining some intuition about sequences of moves that are useful, but coming up with a good general algorithm (that also works for larger than 4x4 boards) is still a challenge.
fuglede_··on Show HN: Swapple, a little daily puzzle on linear reversible circuit synthesis
Yep, I see what you're saying; let me try to clarify that part!
fuglede_··on Lördagsgodis (Saturday Sweets)
I have lived in several parts of Denmark and never once encountered the notion of "lørdagsslik"; that concept sounds completely absurd and laughable. No, in every place I have stayed, kids would only ever have fredagsslik (Friday goodies), to be consumed while watching FredagsTamTam (https://www.dr.dk/drtv/serie/fredagstamtam_357146).
fuglede_··on Major quantum computing advance made obsolete by teenager (2018)
(2018)
fuglede_··on Anime fans stumbled upon a mathematical proof
The point is that if you input, say, 00001, then you will have tested both 0000 and 0001.
fuglede_··on Google begins testing AI-only search results
How about qwant.com? Privacy friendly, no nonsense by default.
fuglede_··on "Homotopical macrocosms for higher category theory" identified as woke DEI grant
https://old.reddit.com/r/PhD/comments/1ihzjsn/keywords_that_...
fuglede_··on Only About 40% of the Cruz "Woke Science" Database Is Woke Science
https://old.reddit.com/r/PhD/comments/1ihzjsn/keywords_that_...
fuglede_··on Markov Keyboard: keyboard layout that changes by Markov frequency (2019)
One way to avoid this element of surprise, for those who do not enjoy surprises, could be to have only a single key whose action upon clicking would simply be the most probable next action.
fuglede_··on Advent of Code 2024
Okay, I think I have to go ahead and retract my own comment. Day 5 appears to have been sufficiently tricky for humans to do quickly while still easy enough for the LLMs that it is clear that there is a very large amount of cheating going on.
fuglede_··on Advent of Code 2024
Note that regarding the outliers, in 2015 and 2016 the puzzles weren't as widely known, and in 2020, AWS' load balancers crashed and the puzzle was unavailable to most people for 6 minutes, then solved in a few minutes. https://adventofcode.com/2020/leaderboard/day/1 -- postmortem: https://old.reddit.com/r/adventofcode/comments/k9lt09/postmo...
fuglede_··on Advent of Code 2024
It's not that bad. I'm sure there are more LLM'ers in there than the one, but you can tell that the majority of the day 1 leaderboard is made up of people who have historically performed well, even before LLMs were a thing.

Compare https://adventofcode.com/2024/leaderboard/day/1 to e.g. https://fuglede.github.io/aoc-full-leaderboard/

There was also at least one instance of people working together where you would have 15 people from the same company submit solutions at the same time, which can be a bit frustrating but again, not a huge issue.

fuglede_··on Advent of Code 2024
Yep, there was; they even wrote so in their commit message before removing it: https://old.reddit.com/r/adventofcode/comments/1h3w7mc/2024_...
fuglede_··on Can humans say the largest prime number before we find the next one?
At https://youtube.com/watch?v=5GFW-eEWXlc&t=1480s, the characters in the 1977 epic space opera Star Wars state the first 48 (binary) digits of the prime, 47 years before its discovery!
fuglede_··on Show HN: I built PixSpeed to optimize website images for free
ImageMagick in Wasm lets you do lots of nifty stuff client-side. Here's a photocopy simulation thingie I made for instance: https://photocopy.fuglede.dk/
fuglede_··on GIMPS Discovers Largest Known Prime Number: 2^136279841 – 1
He talks a bit more about it in this interview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yp4ilFOtoeg
fuglede_··on Gimps Discovers Largest Known Prime Number: 2¹³⁶²⁷⁹⁸⁴¹ − 1
New post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41904237

Something weird happened with this post. It appeared in a shadow banned sort of form (maybe because of the Unicode superscript?) so I made the other one instead, but now this one actually appeared. Mods should feel free to delete this; I don't think I can do so myself.

fuglede_··on GIMPS Discovers Largest Known Prime Number: 2^136279841 – 1
Earlier Hacker News discussion, after the announcement that a (then secret) number was a probable prime, yet to be verified prime: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41858024
fuglede_··on New Mersenne Prime discovered (probably)
I'm curious how this is organized.

> because GIMPS always at least eventually gives out numbers to multiple people to check

For the 40th Mersenne prime, 2²⁰⁹⁹⁶⁰¹¹ − 1, for example, the status page on mersenne.org seems to suggest only a single check (and a handful of later NF checks later), but maybe follow-up proofs and proof certifications and reruns are omitted? https://www.mersenne.org/report_exponent/?exp_lo=20996011&fu...

Also, when you sign up, you're asked to provide an email address in case they want to get in touch with you, so even if OP didn't themselves do so, I imagine they would include their work just the same?

> However, your name could have ended up on that Wikipedia list as a discoverer. :-)

Along the same lines, since each (potential) prime is being worked on by many computers, some looking for factors, some running the Fermat test, some running proof certification work, who gets the "discoverer" title; just the person who ran the PRP test? If so, seems fair enough, since that's where most of the computational budget ends up, but on the other hand, it seems like that would disincentivize running anything but PRP tests. But maybe the people involved are just in it for the mission (or the GHz day leaderboards).

fuglede_··on Byte Ordering: On Holy Wars and a Plea for Peace (1980)
This tom7 video might also make you happy then: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y65FRxE7uMc
fuglede_··on alphaXiv: Open research discussion on top of arXiv
There's also https://scirate.com/ which occasionally has active discussions but, at least in my field, there's far from critical mass, and discussions only happen when someone kick starts and advertises a thread.
fuglede_··on How random are TOTP codes?
One I remember stumbling upon some years back was the .NET Framework equivalent of that, System.Random.Next(0, int.MaxValue), which has a much greater probability of producing odd numbers than even numbers, the probability of getting odd numbers being 50.34%, because of some rather unfortunate translations between integers and floating points. https://fuglede.dk/en/blog/bias-in-net-rng/
fuglede_··on Llama.ttf: A font which is also an LLM
Another font connoisseur put together a script here that might be helpful: https://github.com/hsfzxjy/Harfbuzz-WASM-Fantasy/blob/master...
fuglede_··on Llama.ttf: A font which is also an LLM
Yeah, sorry, that could have been clearer, I added a few more instructions. Basically, chances are that even if you've got Harfbuzz running, you're still running a version with no Wasm runtime. If so, chances are you can get away with building it with Wasm support, then add the built library to LD_PRELOAD before running the editor.
fuglede_··on Llama.ttf: A font which is also an LLM
You got it, same seed in practice, but also just temperature = 0 for the demo actually. A few things I considered adding for the fun of it were 1) a way to specify a seed in the input text, 2) a way to using a symbol to say "I didn't like that token, try to generate another one", so you could do, say, "!" to generate tokens, "?" to replace the last generated token. So you would end up typing things like

"Once upon a time!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!SEED42!!!!!??!!!??!"

and 3) actually just allow you to override the suggestions by typing what letters on your own, to be used in future inferences. At that point it'd be a fairly generic auto-complete kind of thing.

fuglede_··on Tetris Font (2020)
This is fantastic! These days, we have learned that no product can be taken seriously if it doesn't use LLMs somehow, so also based on Harfbuzz-Wasm, here's a font which is also an LLM: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40766791
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