dinkelberg

PDF files are often made up of JPEGs internally.

I think you might have mixed up the different images at the end of the article. The image labels are a bit confusing.

Thank you, I was thinking of doing a write up on this topic as well after reading the article "How to build a low tech website" which recently floated on HN.

However I would have shown how you could significantly reduce file size simply using optimized JPEG settings, as JPEGs are most widely supported and can achieve good compression rates too.

What the author refers to are the three available compression modes on Xerox scanners, which are "normal", "higher", and "highest". It is not clear what that means exactly, but it is possible that all three of those are lossy compression modes.

In my opinion, the only reasonable mode for JBIG2 is lossless, as the lossy mode of JBIG2 is, in general, prone to these character mangling issues. File sizes for lossless JBIG2 compression are already very low, so I would claim that using lossless is almost always worth it, unless character mangling is explicitly not a problem.

In my view, it has become necessary to place some distrust in digital images due to the ML video processing that is being applied nowadays. Artificial neural networks are being used to "upscale" video footage, that is, to create footage that appears to have a higher resolution than the source material. It is clear that these methods can introduce artifacts ("details") into images that were "dreamt up" by the artificial neural network.

I do not know how this relates to this specific trial, but if I were a judge I would want to rule out that footage used as evidence was manipulated by "AI".

You should be safe if your scanner uses either JPEG, lossless JBIG2 or other lossless compression.

If however it uses lossy JBIG2 compression, it is quite possible that it suffers from the same problem, due to how lossy JBIG2 compression works.

Agree. They could just add color palettes to their PNG files. The files could essentially stay the same. See: [1]

Their use of PNG files for photographs does not make sense anyway, though. If they used 1-component JPEG files (greyscale or possibly including a custom color profile to achieve the tinted effect), they could achieve similar file sizes with greatly enhanced image quality.

[1]: https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110/#4Concepts.Index...

Is there a reason why you do not want to use MathML for embedding equations in HTML? If not, it might be a good alternative to SVGs because MathML equations can be read aloud by screen readers. (If the screen reader is good.)

MathJax, which uses MathML internally, claims to improve accessibility also for users of "bad" screenreaders. [1]

Apparently, you can use pandoc to convert markdown files with LaTeX equations to HTML with embedded MathML using "pandoc math.text -s --mathml -o mathMathML.html". [2]

[1] https://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/basic/accessibility.html#...

[2] https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/352636