catamorphismic

*but not

Can't edit from my mobile HN client.

Why do you mention Safari and IE but but Firefox?

Agreed, though repeated measurements weren't mentioned so I thought it was important to emphasize that finding a correlation in one measurement cannot be taken to imply causation, which sounded like what OP was saying.

Your point is a very good one, though. If we view causation through a causal graph, such that vertices are variables and direct causal links are arrows (directed edges), a statement "correlation doesn't imply causation" can be taken to mean several things:

  * From correlation, we cannot determine the direction of the arrow.
  * From correlation, we cannot claim there *is* a (direct) arrow between two vertices.
  * From correlation, we cannot claim there is even a path from one vertex to the other.

The bytes and bytestring types in Python 3 are basically the str type of Python 2 and I don't see that as much of a hoop to jump through. The Unicode default seems like a very sane decision from my point of view. Your argument primarily seems based around an anti-Unicode viewpoint. Am I missing something?

Agreed. I'm in the same position and I'd also love to hear what the pain points were for OP.

... what? This is precisely the correlation meant in the aphorism you mentioned and is also the only sense of the word correlation of which I am aware of. Signals can be similar (correlated) purely by chance and this cannot be taken to imply a causative link between them.