brenns10

I work in Linux kernel related stuff, and from a brief inspection it doesn't seem like the items are terribly inaccurate, but they're not perfect. For example, kmem_cache_alloc() is listed under memory mapping, but it has nothing to do with mapping memory. It's just an API for the slab allocator which is very widespread, and also underpins kmalloc().

The bigger concern is that it doesn't seem like the map is even close to complete. For example, the VFS (virtual file system) is made up of files (open file descriptions), inodes (representing files on disk), and dentries (representing the file system tree/DAG). Probably others things I'm missing too. The area of this page describing vfs only seems to mention files and inodes, and it strangely mentions fsnotify, which is definitely an important subsystem, but not a fundamental data structure like a dentry.

I would imagine people wrote articles about topics, and they got categorized into this very cool visualization. But it's not as if it represents everything, just the things the contributors of the site were working on. It's still very cool, but don't expect that this is a comprehensive overview of the kernel, or that all the major parts of a particular area are listed here.

Edit: but that said, resources from 2010 or earlier can be quite useful. I have a cherished hard copy of Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager[1] which was released in 2007 about Linux 2.4, and I regularly rely on it and its concepts. I have another beloved copy of Linux Kernel Development 3rd Ed. (2010) [2] which is how I learned a ton of fundamentals. Ultimately, it's not about the age of the resource but the concepts behind it :)

[1]: https://www.kernel.org/doc/gorman/pdf/understand.pdf [2]: https://altair.pw/pub/doc/unix/Linux%20Kernel%20Development%...

That's such a cool thing the way you describe it. I honestly wish I was that way. But for me, my most direct connection to expressing thought is a keyboard connected to a capable text editor. I remember trying to take notes by hand in college, and finding that it was easier for me to type in org-mode (mainly so I could write equations in latex, but not deal with latex outside of that).

I've never been a person who doodles. I may underline or highlight, but that's about it. I keep trying hand journaling and handwritten note taking. I'm not particularly slow or sloppy, but it just doesn't click the same way as the keyboard.

I guess the grass is always greener, isn't it?

The issue with your argument is that transaction fees are pretty much the most obvious example of market forces at work. If it were unsustainable for Visa to operate with its low transaction fees, then it wouldn't be in business. If it were possible for a good crypto product to offer lower transaction fees, they would do it.

Literally right now we're looking at the proof. The data/experiment is already here. When you hear people talking about how wasteful crypto is, it's because the data are already in and we're on to the analysis.

If anything, that statistic (roughly one per person) doesn't inspire confidence. The correct takeaway isn't "wow, so few of the guns in America are used to kill people." It's "wow, there are so many guns that anybody can have one, regardless of whether they are fit to."

TPMs typically won't give out a secret unless all of the software which has been loaded and executed was "measured" and found to be unmodified from when the secret was stored. So you couldn't simply stick your own hard disk or USB disk into the computer and then ask the TPM for the secret: the running software wouldn't match, and the TPM would refuse.

This is a problem because the "approved" software has this strange vulnerability to get into the rescue shell, right at the point where the TPM would be happy to give you the secret because the software is unmodified.

People have been let off for crimes they obviously committed because the rock-solid evidence against them was illegally gathered or handled. I assume that's the sort of argument that should be leveled here: your evidence is illegal, you can't include that.

And I believe that's what the argument against secrecy with these systems is. How can you know whether legal lines have been crossed if the system is shrouded in secrecy?

GPL breakers wouldn't be breaking GPL if they kept their own work. They break it when they distribute a compiled work that's only partly theirs, and mainly somebody else's, without sharing the source code for it.

You're more than welcome to build on GPL code and keep your own work. Just don't distribute it.

> Maybe I'm in the minority, but I never really understood the appeal.

I think one of the theses of the article is that a lot of its success derives from the nostalgia it earned getting associated with "special occasions" for millennials growing up. And the other being that, while nobody may be clambering for any particular dish from the menu, it's a pretty easy inoffensive choice for a group of people who all want different things.

I'm generally with you, but the nostalgia thing seems to fall squarely in the category of "either you get it or you don't"

> That's just not true, and I'm a bit tired of the tendency online to blame "big bad boogeyman conspiracy" whenever it's convenient.

> Yes, the auto and related industries have had huge impact on the design of our cities that now seems really unfortunate. But I don't think it was some big, evil master plan.

I think I understand your perspective, but why does it have to be an evil master plan? Large corporations aim to make more money for shareholders. If a car/oil corporation can advance a car-oriented agenda through lobbying, PR campaigns, etc, then that's the obvious choice and they'll do it. Clearly it's not an evil plan, it's just business.

And now, those same companies are massively enriched and in the position to lobby and create PR campaigns even more effectively to protect their profits. Again, it's just business.

The whole frustration of the poster you replied to was that these companies are powerful, influential in politics, and are able to stifle the political will to make changes that improve cities by de-emphasizing cars. This isn't to say that there's a boogeyman, a conspiracy of people pulling the strings. It's just to say that corporations advocate for profit above public good or public health.

So yes, of course there's no conspiracy. But also, these companies are not only directly responsible for the (perhaps unintended) adverse affects of cars on cities' public transit, but also are doubly responsible for the influence they exert every day on the political system to keep the status quo.

Children don't have the luxury of choosing their parents. Having guardrails to increase the odds of success for a child with imperfect parents? I'd say that's a good idea.

$100 / year. Since the idea is that you need to host as many times as you camp, that means that you'd be limited to camping only half the year: gotta stay home to host for the other half. So you could only hope to use 180 days, so the honest advertisement would be "at least $0.55 per night, but probably quite a bit more".

I guess if you can host several people at once then maybe you could do better?

Yes exactly. I definitely sympathize with the other complaints: the newer Word UI is pretty garbage (I truly do hate the ribbon bar). There is a bit extra padding in the newer UI. But really, it all comes down to the PPI which seems obvious.

What's more, I feel like people aren't bothering to recognize that the newer UI shows the document as it would be laid out on a page when you print it. This is really helpful if you write documents to be printed. It seems clear that the newer UI, while there are elements I dislike, is more useful.

To be fair, I think a big part of anyone's experience living two blocks away from Moscone is... two blocks in which direction :P

We may be four blocks apart which colors our respective experiences quite differently.

> Okay, and?

My primary reason for commenting was simply to add my anecdote. People tend to overvalue anecdotes, and I thought it unfair that my experience was not represented in the anecdotes already in the thread. So I added it. There was no "argument" present except to add perspective.

> Are you seriously arguing as someone that lives there that it’s not a shitshow?

As somebody who lives here, I do have my gripes. Commuter foot traffic has not fully recovered, and that has impacted local businesses and public transit significantly. I don't care too much about the Nordstroms of the world, but the smaller local businesses were hard hit, and that was tough, as many of my favorites went out of business. Homelessness and open drug use seems to have increased a bit, though it looks worse due to the lower foot traffic. It's always been a heartbreaking issue and so it's always been important to me to vote and donate in a way that I believe will help.

But like I said, I've had no issues with actual crime personally. I know that SF's violent crime rates are trending down. I know there's issues with car break-ins and some property crime, but again, nothing that I've experienced. If anything, when I walk outside my apartment, I'm far more worried about getting hit by a driver than I am about being a victim of that sort of crime. (Driving behavior seems to have gotten far more dangerous in the area since the pandemic)

As for the positives: the location is central to all SF public transit, so it's easy to visit all the excellent neighborhoods SF has to offer. Golden Gate Park in particular has improved dramatically since JFK was closed to cars, and it's easy to visit. The new T subway is excellent to get to Chinatown quickly! It's also easy to visit/commute to the greater Bay Area via regional rail. Chase Center and Oracle Park are conveniently located, so there's opportunities to go see the games. Not to mention that the area gets a nice vibe when the Giants are playing a home game. There's convenient access to the highway when you do need to drive. Despite the pandemic-driven small business closures, there have been new local businesses opening up that are real gems, so that's been exciting to see. The new Salesforce Park is absolutely beautiful too. And there's been recent facelifts to a lot of the local streets to make them more bike-friendly, which has been really welcome: it makes getting to the Ferry building (another great local perk) easy.

So I guess what I'm saying is: yes, there are ways that the area has gone downhill. But it started out great, and continues to improve in other ways, mostly ones that don't get flashy HN posts. So no, I don't think it's a shit show.

I live near Moscone and walk around there during conference season, never had an issue for several years now.

Consistency? I don't quite understand. Automobiles have benefitted from the largest public subsidies in history, starting from the interstate highway system, to oil industry subsidies, all the way to the current subsidies for EV purchases. Comparing bicycling subsidies to automobile subsidies would be absurd since the value of automobile subsidies eclipses the others!

I think especially in cities, people don't like the idea of replacing one problem with another.

Sure, ICE cars cause more air pollution than EVs. But things like public transit tend to create even less, since there's not a need to have one vehicle per person.

Since public transit makes so much sense in dense cities compared to EVs, I think a lot of the frustration and down votes you face are due to that issue: why replace one known evil with another, when we have much better options available??

Just like the automobile :)

Java added lambdas in version 8, around 2013, after this was written. They probably omitted the lack of lambdas for the joke regarding C#, since it had lambdas since around 2007.

I feel like the term "discoverers" discounts the existing human residents of the Americas who also had written histories: e.g. the Mayans, whose written histories were largely destroyed by Europeans. I get what you mean though: how else are we to know now about what happened then without written records? It is just sad how much has been destroyed.

The potential of lost written history is fascinating to me. The Phoenicians of Carthage had boats which were capable of crossing the Atlantic and were known to take journeys well past the straights of Gibraltar, but a lot of their written history has been lost thanks to the Punic wars of Ancient Rome. It would be a fascinating lost episode of history if the Phoenicians "discovered" the Americas well before Vikings or other Europeans did. For all we know, this could have happened but accounts were simply lost to time.

Maybe you don't know who's using it because you uninstalled it?

Obviously anecdotal, but almost all my friends and family are still using it, and usage has increased compared to SMS or other options.

They said login attempt, not successful login. So no.

I don't know if you meant it this way but you sound so classist with this garbage. Afraid of the non-techies coming in and being 'vile' and trashing things? You only want to share space with wealthy, upper class people, as if they're the only ones who know how to respect public space?

Are Uber and Lyft not also GA? Are their cars also trashed? Seems strange that you picked on public transit as if the "unwashed masses" can't also order an Uber.

The public transit in SF is definitely not vile or trashed. Sometimes there's a bit of litter on the ground. Not grimy seats. I've never seen it the way you describe it and I ride several times a week.

> Swapping print() and len() to use in the same program? That would trip any human up, it's tailor-made to be difficult for us to process. And, as it again turns out, so it is for LLMs, because they really seem to process associations the same way we do (at the gut/intuition/first reaction level).

I would simply write the code I intend to write, then execute three replace operations in vim: %s/len/temporary/g, %s/print/len/g, %s/temporary/print/g.

It's not tripping me up at all. Maybe I don't think the same way that these models do?

I think the issue is just that, however silly or pointless the puzzle is, it's clearly understandable by any human who knows Python. You just use "len" any time you mean "print", and "print" any time you mean "len". And these large language models, despite being language models, simply cannot handle this concept.

But that doesn't fix it? Sure, no more infinite recursion, but now print() calls len() which calls __builtins__.print(). So it's not doing the expected swapped behavior. len() is swapped, but not print().

It seems obvious that there's a lack of understanding of the underlying concept here. That's the whole point. We know that LLMs can generate valid programs, but this is demonstrating that they cannot reason about code. There is no understanding of how Python code is evaluated, and how to avoid the infinite recursion. A human who understands Python could properly handle the situation, but the LLM can't, which is ok, it just demonstrates a flaw.

Isn't the reason that the industry person is "right" about regulation being necessary usually... because the tide of public opinion is turning towards regulation, so they are getting ahead as my strategy above described? It's difficult to give credit to these folks for being "right" when it's more accurately described as "trying to save their profit margins".

This site has whole sections on "things that don't work" and "things that work, but not that well" based on experiments. Here's boiling water first:

https://www.alcademics.com/2017/10/boiled-versus-rested-wate...

(Works somewhat, but not well enough)

Tested on this very website!

https://www.alcademics.com/2017/10/boiled-versus-rested-wate...

Conclusion they came to (your opinion may vary) is that it's not worth the time and energy to get e.g. 1/2" more clear ice.

Reminds me of SBF calling for crypto regulations while running FTX. Being seen as friendly to regulations is great for optics compared to being belligerently anti-regulation. You can appear responsible and benevolent, and get more opportunity to weaken regulation by controlling more of the narrative. And hey, if you get end up getting some regulatory capture making competition harder, that's a great benefit too.

OpenAI != FTX, just meaning to say calling for regulation isn't an indication of good intentions, despite sounding like it.