Here's a list of cards supported by ModemManager which works in conjunction with NetworkManager on Linux:
https://wiki.freedesktop.org/www/Software/ModemManager/SupportedDevices/
It doesn't explicitly call out 4G support so you will have to work backwards.fyi: some laptop firmware, such as thinkpads, have a whitelist of supported WWAN cards. If you can't find a suitable internal card you can use a USB dongle without restriction.