As for real human needs , like healthcare - it seems to be that with technology ,at some point in time, they will be fully solved, so no need for further growth.
a house cost $22,000 (ie, 5.3x an annual income)
a loaf of bread cost $0.18 (ie, 0.004% of annual income)
Today, a median household income is $51,939 and
a median house costs $188,900 (ie, 3.63x an annual income)
a loaf of bread costs $2.26 (ie, 0.004% of annual income)
Current median income and house prices from Google, loaf of bread cost from http://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/country_result.jsp?coun....
All dollars nominal.
EDIT: Here's a fancy chart I just found, thought it might be useful to make the point:
http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2000/feb/wk3/art03.htm
Also I'm not sure if it's a typo, but your comparison between "average income" in 1955 and "median household income" today seems to hurt, not help your point.
2. Since 1950, food prices seem to have grown at the overall rate of inflation, so food is cheaper relative to the median income. (https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/series/CPIUFDSL/)
3. Healthcare is usually considered essential, and its cost has increased as a fraction of median income, but I would bet 1950's medicine would be dirt cheap today if it weren't illegal to practice it: no MRIs, no patented medicines, no chemotherapy, etc. What we get in exchange for the higher cost is a decade of life expectancy.
4. Here is an interesting article I found on this topic: http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/04/how-amer...
It's not quite clear that the extra decade of life expectancy comes from the more expensive medicine.
(I agree with the rest of your arguments for what it's worth.)