These profiles are located in /etc/netctl, so cat-ing the correct file under sudo will give you it.

This will be a concat-d list of all profiles in a pager: `sudo cat /etc/netctl/* | less`.

Connection configuration, including plain text passwords, are stored in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ for connections that are available to all users. They are readable by root only, obviously. Otherwise the password is stored in your keyring (e.g. Gnome Keyring under Gnome).

depends on the type of linux :)

EDIT: if it has to be the current network, something like this horrible bash oneliner: sudo vim /etc/netctl/$(ifconfig | grep UP | grep RUNNING | grep BROADCAST | cut -d: -f1)-$(iwconfig 2>/dev/null | grep ESSID | cut -d: -f2 | sed -e 's/"//g')