The only way to file a (mandatory under penalty of huge fines) monthly tax report for a business here where I live is a web service that requires Java (or ActiveX) to do a digital signature for filed documents. There is currently no alternative (JavaScript APIs for that do not exist). Same goes for all other digital banking - requests have to be cryptographically signed and Java is pretty much the only widely portable way to do it.

Is that "end-user" enough for you? All busness owners in the country and all other general population doing eGovernment?