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Paradoxical Crystal Baffles Physicists

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75 pointszw12345613 comments

I assume those "quantum oscillation" measurements were electron cyclotron resonance measurements[1].

Also there is an other type of non-conventional insulator which is considered to be well understood: the Mott-insulator[2]. It really doesn't fit in here as a candidate since one wouldn't expect cyclotron resonance from this model in the insulating regime. However it's a good learning example of strongly correlated electrons in materials.

[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_cyclotron_resonance#I... [2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mott_insulator

Perhaps it's a topological insulator, so that the bulk conducts but you'd never know it because the surface doesn't.

I'm a total noob, so if that is correct it's a miracle.

The article touches on that:

"But this is no garden-variety insulator. Not only does its insulating behavior arise from strong correlations between its electrons, but in the past five years, mounting evidence has suggested that it is a “topological insulator” at low temperatures, a material that resists the flow of electricity through its three-dimensional bulk, while conducting electricity along its two-dimensional surfaces."

All conductors only conduct along their surface...unless I'm mistaken.

You are somewhat mistaken. You are thinking of the skin effect. In DC power, current flow is proportional to the cross section. As the frequency increases, the effective resistance in the interior increases relative to the surface. At high enough frequencies, conductors effectively conduct only along the surface.

See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_effect and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litz_wire .

Thank you, looks like I was mistaken :D

No, generally a thicker cable is a better conductor because its resistance is lower. If it were merely a matter of surface conductivity this wouldn't necessarily be true. However, internal conductivity and surface conductivity can be affected by magnetic fields:

http://faculty.wwu.edu/vawter/physicsnet/Topics/Gauss/IdealC...

There is also a tendency for currents to creep towards the surface of the conductor at high frequencies, see [1], although this is ultimately also caused by internally generated electromagnetic fields.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_effect

For static charges, all of the charge on a conductor will be at its surface:

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gausur.h...

That doesn't apply to moving charge though (ie. an electric current)

You may be thinking of the skin effect associated with alternating current systems. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_effect

"...And yet, SMB6 does not neatly fit that category either."

This could have applications on quantum computers & new type of transistors ! HYPE :) !

"Charcoal briquette cracks 8192-bit RSA keys in seconds!"

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