http://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol13/16/13-16.p...
It discusses problems with the records leading to difficulties in figuring out such statistics (they go on to model the death rate vs age for the war years).
edit: Here's another interesting link from that search: http://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/markharrison/entry/was_the_soviet...
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--_yGIwe9rks/TpwbBfZB6AI/AAAAAAAAAR...
You can see the pattern you'd expect: a rise in the death rate, compared to the surrounding years, during the world wars. Though there are other peaks, such as the higher peak just before 1920, which is probably influenza, not WWI.
edit: Oh, this doesn't show annual death rate by year of birth, which is what you were looking for