https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_section/tar_46....
> "If the archive file name includes a colon (`:'), then it is assumed to be a file on another machine. If the archive file is `user@host:file', then file is used on the host host. The remote host is accessed using [rsh]."
and
> "If you need to use a file whose name includes a colon, then the remote tape drive behavior can be inhibited by using the `--force-local' option."
On many systems, rsh is aliased to ssh, so if you don't properly sanitize your archive names, GNU tar will make network connections.