Why is the Northwest so warm?
cliffmass.blogspot.com
cliffmass.blogspot.com
The fact that we're having two mega El Niño events in the past 17 years is indicative, amongst hundreds of other observations, that the climate is changing at a speed we should be terrified of. The number of global temperature anomalies going is pretty staggering.
Sam McNamara has written (http://arctic-news.blogspot.nl/2015/07/east-siberian-heat-wa...) about 20+ degree anomalies in the Arctic. This is the part where we're playing with the possibility of destabilizing underwater methane clathrate reserves. If that happens, we can just call of all climate change prevention efforts, because that's extinction-event level shit.
Constrasting that with a horoscope, where there are no underlying physical (or even spiritual) models and no chance of falsifiability.
There is no explanation that is barely even close to explaining the enormous cluster of observed global phenomena.
For the record, the probability of the current climate being explained by mere chance is ridiculously low, to the point where it is practically irrelevant. I won't provide links here; everyone should be competent in googling that up.
And yet you have a very well known meteorologist who is claiming that it isn't anthropogenic.
I totally agree that the general increase in aggregate anomalous events cannot be explained away beyond a reasonable. You can't, however, look at a single event and know without a doubt that it is due to anthropogenic CO2 without some sort of bounds on that claim.
> Constrasting that with a horoscope, where there are no underlying physical (or even spiritual) models and no chance of falsifiability.
But see, for this specific event, there is a chance of falsifiability. If there is any evidence of two mega El Nino events within a 17 year time span anywhere between 1700 and 1970, you have falsifiable evidence. And that is what is being asked...you made a claim that this specific climate event is without a doubt due to global warming and you were asked to provide some basis for that assertion.
What am I reading wrong ?
Hot weather in Seattle is rare but not that rare. In 2009, we had a beautiful summer in New York (the hottest it got was 93 °F / 34 °C, and most days were around 82 °F / 28 °C) while Seattle shot up to a DC-esque 105 °F (41 °C), setting an all-time record. And for reasons that I don't entirely understand (but are probably related to El Nino) we tend to get a mild summer in the Northeast/Midwest when the Pacific Northwest gets heat, and vice versa (the "vice versa" being the usual pattern). Right now, the Pacific Northwest is baking while it's absolutely beautiful (perhaps a bit cloudy, but I'll never complain about 50s °F in July) in Chicago. Hot weather in Seattle is rare but it isn't a new phenomenon.
Anthropogenic global warming is (almost certainly) real and it's extremely dangerous. The OP is just trying to warn us away from attributing specific climactic events to it. This leads to the "global warming can't be real because it's cold in Buffalo" line of reasoning. Weather has always been erratic, and in a globally connected world, there's always been one kind of hell weather happening somewhere and it's dangerous to try to look for a pattern in it.
Personally, I think it's time to escalate the terminology to climate risk. "Climate change" sounds too mild and climates have been changing forever; the difference is that they're now happening at a level that represents a genuine existential risk, because every time that they've changed this fast for a prolonged period of time, it's triggered an extinction event.
The problem is that most people can't evaluate the risks. Take heat. Most people think that a 10 °F (6 °C) rise in summer temperatures wouldn't kill them. That means that the hottest day in a typical New York summer would be 110 °F (43° C) instead of 100 °F (38 °C). That sounds extremely unpleasant but not fatal, because 110 °F in the desert is no big deal. What few are aware of is that it's not the air temperature ("dry bulb") but the wet-bulb temperature that represents lethality, with 30 °C being acutely dangerous and 35 °C being fatal (the hottest days in the hottest deserts, even with dry-bulb temperatures in the 50s, typically have wet-bulb temperatures in the unpleasant but bearable 20s). One possible risk of global warming is that it'll allow heat/humidity combinations that don't even exist right now (except, on the worst days, in the Persian Gulf). Here's a terrifying link on the matter: http://web.science.unsw.edu.au/~stevensherwood/wetbulb.html . Granted, it puts the numbers at hell settings (12 °C rise) but it still shows us what's possible. This model shows the entire Eastern half of the United States (even stereotypically "cold" places like Bangor, Maine and Milwaukee) becoming uninhabitable, along with almost all of Mexico and four-fifths of South America. Northern Africa, India, the Arabian peninsula, Southeast Asia, Spain and France also become uninhabitable, not to mention the entire Australian continent aside from a southern fringe (which will still be hotter than any place today). Unfortunately, the wet-bulb threat isn't something that most people understand, because when you say "wet bulb temperature of 35 °C (or 95 °F)" most people hear the "35 °C", which doesn't sound that terrifying because, as a dry bulb temperature, that's fairly mild.
For anyone like me who hasn't heard of this:
> And there is something else: the warming influencing our region is localized and does not have the characteristics of the global warming signal seen in climate models. While the Northwest has been hot and dry, much of the eastern U.S. has been much cooler and wetter than normal. Even the Rockies have been wetter than normal. Global warming would warm them as well. This week I was at a weather conference in Chicago....it was quite chilly there at times.
I think this section, particularly the second paragraph, shows the writer has a very poor understanding of what global warming is and how it can and will have different localized effects across different timeframes.
[0] http://phys.org/news/2015-02-evidence-link-wavy-jet-stream.h...
Anyone who refers to global climate change as "global warming", and who says that models predict uniform warming, is arguably either ignorant, or is intentionally distorting predictions.
I assume the author means the average over many years for the "normal." The current phrase is like saying "the normal temperate for 1980 did not match the actual temperature for 1980." Or, "1980 was not a normal 1980." Also annoying that the graph has incomplete labels, with the full explanation buried in text.
There's no shame in not knowing how something works, especially something that is both complex and chaotic. There is, however, shame in asserting that you do when you don't. The author cannot (or at least does not) explain the root cause of this pattern; therefore he cannot know whether its increased prevalence is ultimately anthropogenic or not. The smart money is on the humans here, but what really matters is figuring it out, not making unsubstantiated assertions as to what it is or isn't.
Indeed, in one of the author's graphs, can see a long, line of warmer water from the western Pacific all the way east to the Americas.
That's El Nino. You're seeing El Nino in that picture.
(also: which volcano? http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/pacific-ocean.html)
"The idea is not: radiative imbalance causes warming everywhere which nudges the climate a bit. So many people think like this but it is wrong. Radiative imbalance pushes the climate around so much that eventually it changes enough to restore the balance. Almost surely surface warming is part of that. But a lot else is part of it."
Michael Tobis at http://initforthegold.blogspot.fi/2011/05/black-birds.html
Why is that the case? My knowledge is not based on much better sources than this blog post, but isn't the warming of the oceans believed to cause extreme weather anomalies?
In the long run yes, warming of the earth will cause more extreme weather. But it has little relation to that of today.
It's like looking for one's keys under the streetlamp.
Then add the ocean as a heat reservoir and ocean currents, ground albedo changes due to cover change (snow, desertification, crops...).
Add some clouds in different heights.
Oh, and stratospheric, tropospheric and ocean chemistry.
Then add aerosols which influence cloud cover, vertical temperature distribution and thus winds, ...
Of course, some variation in the solar irradiation due to changes in the sun and the Earth's orbit. And I probably forgot a lot of influences here which are already considered.
Other important non-physical model parameters are things such as spatial grid size and time steps.
Atm we are adding more influences to the models. It is thought that they have smaller impacts, but they might not have.
All these above are things based in physics and the basic rules have withstood many experiments.
But - how about methane fluxes into the atmosphere due to permafrost melting, or due to ocean heating? We are also not sure about many fluxes in nature because they are very hard to measure. Satellites help., but... How much methane do cows emit? There are halogenes coming out of the sea ice, why and how much is it, and what does it do to atmosperic chemistry? What processes take part in the soil and how much of what is emitted over the whole globe? Does it change with changing conditions, how much? There are many important questions in the details here, and you actually have to feed all of that into the models. This is where the assumptions are, because we do not know all of these things, and many more.
And then you see what the result is. A small increase in overall temperature is not just that, it changes the vertical temperature profile, which changes circulation patterns (among other things). And then you have a different distribution of temperatures on the surface. That's what the models say, and that is what we can see in reality, thus the models are not that bad here. Of course, there is still some way to go until we can trust the more detailed results, I'd say.
For weather, other important effects are phase change of water at given pressure/temperatures (which can store large amounts of energy), radiative transport (again, non-linear equation, not solved) and heat transfer (non-linear equation, solved (easy)).
For forecasts, you also cannot measure the full state of the system at any point in time. This makes it a very hard problem - otherwise weather forecasts would have been perfect ages ago. With the advent of cluster computing and measurement satellites, it is now possible to improve the forecasts vastly, but it's still hard.
I'm not an expert in this field by any measure. However, this assumption goes against everything I've read from people who are experts.
I'm guessing in both regions it's associated with El Nino effects. Also now wondering if the drought south of us is an El Nino effect as well. Looks like the drought is creeping its way north, and when it does, it's definitely going to be a source of serious trouble in this part of the US.
Hasn't the drought lasted several years now? This (poorly dated) page talks about 2011 and the worst drought for 70 years, and it's been drought since then.
http://www.laht.com/article.asp?CategoryId=14091&ArticleId=4...
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/03/21/us-mexico-drought-...
I'm no meteorologist, but it seems like if it were over the ocean there would be wetter and cooler weather on the west coast.
While this may be more of a random fluctuation than full on global warming, I’m concerned because weather has been strange for years now. We often get excessive rain for months in the spring, which didn’t used to happen. The weather in this location is getting more moderate, while the rest of the country seems to be getting more extreme (this is one of the long term predictions of global warming).
IMHO there is a connection between widespread die offs and weather that hasn’t been studied well yet. I’m too young to remember what the northwest was like before things like wildfire control threw everything out of balance. Imagine 150 years ago - there were large animal herds, dense lush forests, pristine waters, and one of my favorites: 10 foot tall sagebrush as far as the eye could see where now we only have cheatgrass.
If you go out in the wilderness today, there is so little wildlife. Big game is rare, no wolves, a handful of bears, few to no birds, orders of magnitude less fish due to dams. We really have no frame of reference for what settlers witnessed, when life was everywhere they looked.
In these death zones, we are seeing some pretty apocalyptic $#!@:
http://www.cdhd.idaho.gov/news/current/groundsquirrelplague....
The world is so much sicker than anyone realizes. All areas are in decline, so if you look at things like timber and fishing, the numbers are down 50%, even 90% of where they started. What we do have in abundance now is pests. Mosquito abatement for West Nile virus is a requirement here now. Pine beetles scurry everywhere you look, leading to the not-so-distant demise of rocky mountain forests. So it makes sense to me that global warming may show a blip of 3% off normal and result in these wide swings. Think of how missing wetlands affect hurricane flooding, but now apply that to all chaotic systems everywhere. I don’t know how anyone could come to the conclusion that everything is fine (in other words, that chaos is at a stalemate or diminishing).
So that’s my radical environmentalist explanation. Global warming is one thing, but the widespread famine of the natural world is looming within our lifetimes and I find that really uncanny. Unfortunately people generally only ponder what’s right in front of their faces rather than extrapolating how it all plays out. Although in fairness, if doing the projections leads to the same hollow realization that nothing can be done, then there’s something to be said for denial. At least we still have good beer! It’s important to keep a balanced perspective on these things and not let them get you down too much.
My personal solution to this is to live as a hipster and try to make enough money that I can not be too much of a burden on the planet (living close to work etc). Unfortunately there’s a case to be made that income and carbon footprint are relatively synonymous, due to the level of infrastructure needed to acquire it. Living as a hermit doesn’t really help either because we are capable of contributing more than 0 solutions to the problem. So I always find myself back at square one with the struggle against ineffectualism. This may be a natural evolution in global consciousness, but I just hope that it happens fast enough that it’s not all gone before we have the spiritual means to step outside the consumer capitalism matrix and do something.
If someone ever finds this, this video sums up a lot of what I was trying to say:
https://www.youtube.com/embed/ysa5OBhXz-Q
Now multiply that by every ecosystem that has been tampered with by humans across the face of the planet and decide for yourself if our climate has been affected.