Here is a simple test I just ran:
Using https://github.com/erkserkserks/h264ify for blocking VP9
2015 rMBP 13", 3.1Ghz i7, 16GB (defaults to software rasterization in chrome)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nK9Im1eP3DI (1080p60 video)
Power is CPU Package Total (core + GPU).
Chrome VP9: 26W
Chrome VP9 + Force GPU Acceleration: 28W
Chrome h264: 19W
Chrome h264 + Force GPU Acceleration: 13W
Safari: 4W
Additional comments:
This is all in window at the default 'theater mode' size of youtube. I can't full screen either of the VP9 options without completely maxing out the CPU, dropping frames and during my laptop into a frying pan. Its really hot even in window with chrome VP9 using ~175% CPU.