These are just from the first page of google. The covariance between insulin, inflammation, and heart disease is well established at this point.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915008...
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2704240/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16936531
>On anything resembling a normal cuisine the relative share of carbohydrate vs. saturated fat really doesn't matter much.
Vegetarian diet isn't a normal cuisine. Vegetarians tend to reduce protein intake and compensate with something else. The easiest substitute being carbs. If you aren't actually increasing your vegetable intake and eating quality food the vegetarian diet can be very unhealthy. A couple vegetarians I know are technically obese.
>I hate to break it to you but the Taubes shtick is laughable garbage.
I don't know who Taubes is. The guy who convinced me is Dr. Lustig from the "Fed Up" documentary.