A VERY specific request, no inventions, just things found and cataloged aka discovered.

http://www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com/systems/

Also see pretty much every space probe of the "last few years". Pity you couldn't wait another month for the Pluto flyby, unless it completely fails there will be plenty to talk about.

I would imagine the biological sciences could list all kinds of interesting, possibly useful, critters.

The geologists and archeologists are always digging something cool up.