Paxos Explained from Scratch [pdf]
ux.uis.no
ux.uis.no
I also remember Hein recommended me to study Paxos before delving into Raft, actually, even though Raft is supposedly easier to get started with.
If you feel like watching a presentation I recommend Joseph Blomsted's talk on developing Riak Ensemble module.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITstwAQYYag
That is a module that added consistency to an otherwise AP system.
They did it using Paxos and it was interesting because it was during the time when everyone was implementing consensus using Raft and there was, perhaps undeserved, FUD regarding Paxos during those times.
He explains how Paxos is not that bad in certain situations -- such as agreeing on a value (instead of say replicating a log). And then how it was like implementing it in practice.