I'm not that familiar with PCRE, but I think that this engine is used in a variety of programming languages -- but not Perl's, as it's used to provide Perl-compatible regex. PHP's Manual for PCRE links to pcre.org, so it seems that at least PHP is vulnerable.

http://php.net/manual/en/intro.pcre.php

Edit: Here's a copy of the actual CVE, which demonstrates the vulnerability using PHP: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/01/6

The CVE mentions that PCRE is used in Flash, Apache, and Nginx.

Edit2: Could a mod change the article url to the openwall CVE? It seems that securitytracker.com is not the most responsive website. Sorry, I should have linked to the CVE directly.