The quickest way to get to that money is contracting, but it is possible through more traditional employment but you're going to have to probably do 2 things, unless you're willing to wait for some good luck
1. Find yourself a niche. Expert in X where X isn't just a programming language. Build relevant domain expertise which means people who are hiring you are hiring your experience as well as your skillset and you get to stop them running down rabbit holes. e.g. Java programmer who's built large real time streaming systems with Spark. Find a niche that's hot where lots of companies are looking for that expertise.
2. Be fairly mercenary with pay and job. Holding out for higher offers, setting expectations with recruiters early in the process about your salary expectations etc. Ask for exactly what you want.
If you're on $160k now, walk in and ask for $190k with a view to taking that for a year or two and then looking for $220 or $240k. Don't wait for the employer to give you a figure. Set that expectation with the recruiter early so they're not wasting your time. Be aware on that kinda money, employers are going to expect big things and in lots of cases will expect more than just coding.
I realise this is may be very obvious, but you will literally be optimizing for money. That could lead you in to shitty situations / companies. Personally I'd caution against that for most people. However, I understand money can sometimes be the most important hole in peoples lives with certain personal / debt situations, so I don't mean to judge.
If you are assessing your self worth against your paycheck though, this route won't satisfy you!