I'm the CTO of 500px. Decoupling uploaders and converters simplifies the overall design and makes it more robust. Converters are a part of the legacy design that we are planning to retire. In the past, we would generate multiple sizes and crops for every image so it can be efficiently displaced on the site and/or mobile apps.
Today, we rely on the new Resizer service that can resize and crop images on the fly. It's an interesting piece of technology that we will be writing about on our blog: developers.500px.com