There are supposed to be other protections for this. The sixth amendment, for instance, says: "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial...", which means that they can't just "let you rot in jail."
In practice, though, sometimes you do rot in jail. :/
That's a long time to spend in jail - a location where you have no real freedoms.
If the original authors could define a speedy trial in terms of days and a couple weeks, there is no rational justification for why in this day and age a speedy trial can't be a matter of minutes or hours, or at worst days.
The most dangerous enemy is the one within and the traitor in your midst.
That varies from state to state. In my state, the District Attorney just has to get you to trial within a year of your arrest.
Not showing up to work for a year because you couldn't afford bail can have a negative impact on one's finances, to say the least.
Which you will then start to sell off so you can afford the legal defense required to fight the false charges. A person can be found innocent of all charges but still be wiped out financially from defending themselves. That's called "justice".
And say the false charge was one with a social stigma, say child molestation. Now not only are you financially wiped out, not only have you lost your job, but your name is now tied with a crime which people will often not care if you were found not guilty (or even found innocent). And the only thing you can do to stop it is to say a prayer that you aren't going to be the next one wrongly charged.