Scala, whose modularisation was strongly influenced by ML, already offers most of what 1ML is trying to do.
1ML is a user-friendly surface syntax for System Fω
in the paper's abstract. I think Fω lives inside Scala. But, as the stackexchange article you cite shows, I should have been more careful in my statement.Granted, I haven't used Scala since, err, 1.7 days? I think. I liked it, and did a lot of work in it in fact, but more as an alternative to Java.
If I didn't have to worry about compatibility with Java or the proven nature of the JVM, or satisfy sysadmins and management with the orthodox Java-ness of my runtime, I'm not sure I'd pick Scala.
But I think it'd be hard to find an employer willing to pay me to work in it.