Well, Boston, NYC, amongst others in the USA have nice downtowns. Not to mention Toronto, Montreal, Quebec City, Ottawa and other cities in Canada.
Liveable downtowns are definitely a matter of policy, not history.
It used to be a dangerous dump 20 years ago, and now it is awesome.
The Union Squarea?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_and_tunnel
I'm perpetually amazed at what people can be condescending about.