I'm sure that Haskell is fabulously performant here, but I'm not sure that it would be either significantly faster or slower than a C++ library that properly implements laziness. I can't speak for Streams, but Rust makes use of lazy iterators pervasively (all implemented entirely in the stdlib), and I'd expect the equivalent Rust code:

  let total = (1..).map(|x| x*x).take(10).sum();

to have no more overhead than the ideal Haskell code (though I could be oblivious to some very important GHC optimization... when posed this question my Haskell-using friends simply respond with "it's complicated").