Well besides the guide dog's puppy raising guidelines (which are fairly long and detailed) we took him to an agility school after he was career changed[1] which used a device that make a 'click' sound (clicker) which was used to tell the dog "yes that exact thing" and treats. Apparently that is pretty common (but I was not aware at the time). But between the two experiences I don't think there is anything I couldn't train him to do, if I can communicate exactly what it is.

[1] Seriously, that is what the Guide dog folks call it when a dog washes out of the program, in our case it was for a skin allergy which would have been undetectable for a blind person to notice, not for his lack of trainability.

In addition, check out Sophia Yin's website[1]. It's chock-full of free videos and articles. She also wrote an excellent book[2], which I highly recommend to all dog owners. I train dogs as a hobby (agility with my own dog, plus I do volunteer work for puppy and obedience classes). As a warning, dog training is highly addictive for both you and the dog!

[1]: http://drsophiayin.com [2]: http://drsophiayin.com/howtobehave

Chiming in - Karen Pryor's Clicker Training is really tough to beat: http://www.clickertraining.com/

Kikopup's YouTube channel has lots of good stuff about reward-based training too: https://www.youtube.com/user/kikopup