If you would like to know all the security update for debian you can subscribe to the mailing list: debian-security-announce@lists.debian.org See https://www.debian.org/security/
Be warned however that they send mail every few days and you have to read them to know which update is needed on your system.
On the other hand you can use Debian automatic upgrade system: unattended-upgrade. Which will update your system for security update. It does so every night so you won't have security update asap but if you update within the day it's generally okay
I can also recommend to enable automatic updates. It won't hurt, and if it does, it will be far less than a hacked server can cause in amount of damage.
However, distributions generally release updates to their stable releases. Just install them. Installing security updates automatically is even better (better to have the occasional rare regression than a compromise and have to re-deploy the whole server).