Adaptive Range Filters
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Also, how come the author of the blog post writes O(k) instead of O(1) for constant time? Is it because 1 is as arbitrary a constant as any or is there some difference that I am not aware of?
Link to the original paper [1]
You're right in terms of big-O it's O(1), that is O(k) and O(1) mean the same thing. I said O(k) because BFs normally require multiple, but constant amount, of operations (hashes).