Your [1] is flawed because what is core is continuously shifting as the advantages of the knowledge you can get somewhere else exceed the costs.

An example from banking:

"Morgan Stanley has about 500 people employed in India doing research and statistical analysis. About 100 of Goldman Sachs’ 3,000 employees in Bangalore are working on investment research."

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/12/business/worldbusiness/12i...