I don't
think so. If I understand it right, devices need to be unable to interfere with each other as well as withstand a certain amount of noise. Add that you'd have to modify many devices and electronics to drive them to be jammers (ie your cellphone won't be able to jam cell towers), most of the time there shouldn't be much worry about it.
But yeah, if you take a microwave and remove the grill from the front to break electronics on the other side of a wall, you're breaking the law. If it's only your stuff being broken, you won't be prosecuted. Put one in a car and aim it at people on cell phones and you'll eventually be caught and punished.