I'm a recent mesos convert but I think "first" is a tad inaccurate if you consider Joyent's SmartOS and it's recently open sourced Smart Data Center.
Datacenter Controller maybe, but calling this an OS?
They do.
E.g. SmartOS is a UNIX. It'd be pretty odd if it didn't have an init system. Or storage. Or cron. Or POSIX. Or whatever else you'd like to add to the list that UNIX systems usually have...
Another win for DCOS is that it can run anywhere while SmartOS only runs on baremetal. SmartOS does come with some nice goodies like the Manta object storage platform and Manatee, a Postgres replication and failover platform. Application orchestration would make it a contender IMHO.