Mesos is basically an application scheduler. It doesn't manage the base operating systems or machine provisioning. Mesos is concerned with ensuring that one or multiple applications are launched and running on a cluster of machines.
The Saltstack framework is the only thing I know of that would provide all the primitives and control necessary for an operator to truly control a full 5-300,000 node datacenter from one station. It's the only thing out there that will allow for super low latency response to commands across the cluster. It also can do configuration management etc if you want, or a lot of people use it to just trigger existing chef/puppet jobs.
I've been using Saltstack in conjunction with Mesos to build out this full datacenter-as-OS stack. Works... :-)