1. You're right, our intelligence is the same thing. Intellect is a statistical creation that makes us good at surviving.
2. But usually, when people talk about our intelligence and our having goals, they aren't talking about the fact that we statistically exhibit tendencies towards self-preservation (which is what we're talking about viruses doing). It's that we literally have conceptual goals, which can be written down ahead of time and talked about.
aka you won't find a virus with a to-do list. Conflating that intelligence with viral 'intelligence' is kinda disingeuous.
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That said, I do agree that we might/will find alien life that looks nothing like what we expect and has 'intelligence', for some reasonable (non-virus) definition.
I would not be inordinately surprised if we managed to find this in the motion of waves in the ocean, or in the swirling gases of the sun, or the gravitational interactions of the asteroid belt, or in tremors in the earth, or in hive-minds of billions of ants. And I definitely reject dualism and fully expect that a human brain simulated in a computer would be as intelligent as we are.
I'm not sure what the criteria for an 'intelligence medium' is, but it seems to require sufficiently high entropy to allow for complex patterns to form, but not too high - there has to be enough order and especially a not-too-high temperature such that self-contained systems can form and replicate without being blurred back into the whole system.
Having to wait for things to die can be restrictive (but genomes are declarative, what does that buy?). Roughly, with what amounts to the assumption that Lamarckian evolution is more or less not true, you can characterize evolution's learning power as almost as good as PAC (query: statistical query learning evolution).
See alsos:
http://vserver1.cscs.lsa.umich.edu/~crshalizi/weblog/601.htm...
http://arxiv.org/abs/1211.4037: Natural selection. V. How to read the fundamental equations of evolutionary change in terms of information theory
However, they do reproduce, just like pretty much every other form of life. The question of why life does that is closely related to the question of what life is and how it came to exist. Those are deep questions and we don't really have a clue as to the answer right now. There's certainly nothing in the fundamental physical laws of the universe, as we understand them today, that seems to indicate or require the existence of life.
As to why our universe is one which supports life, nobody really knows. Some invoke the anthropic principle, but that is more of a philosophical answer than a scientific one.
There's an implicit distinction in this statement, between the universe and life. Really, life is part of the universe too.
I'm familiar with the anthropic principle, but it doesn't tell us whether life is a necessary outcome of the physical laws of our universe, or whether it's just one of many accidental outcomes that are not forbidden by the laws of our universe. Both of those situations satisfy the anthropic principle, but are very different.
For example, we could speculate about a universe in which the nuclear strong force is stronger than it is here. Based on our theories of quantum mechanics and gravity, we can predict how that would affect, for example, star formation. Isaac Asimov explores this idea in "The Gods Themselves."
But Asimov also predicts what alien life would be like in that universe, and there he's on much shakier ground, because nothing in our theories of quantum mechanics or gravity predicts life. We don't know how chemical systems become alive...there's even not solid agreement on the definitions.
OMG What if we're the cancer of the universe, who is in itself a giant amoeba!??!!?!?!?
deep thoughts, with jack handy
Sometimes in half-seriousness we say that man may have been evolved by the system as a mechanism to get the fossil fuels and other minerals back into circulation. We hope he is pre-adapted for other roles after that.
From Environment, Power, and Society.
An analog I use is to opportunistic benthic whale fall communities. The emerge and develop rapidly. They do not sustain.