(1) Blender 2.6, Python Manual with full API and Tutorials
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Extensions/...
(2) Run python scripts through blender from command line:
blender -b -P script.py
blender -b --python-console (for interactive console)
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Render/Comm...