First of all, if a JVM were to attempt this optimization for tail calls using the ordinary method call bytecodes, it would break existing programs that are written to rely on stack frame inspection.

So the only solution is to add a new bytecode for tail calling methods, so that this bytecode can be used from non-Java languages without impacting existing code; however there's no such bytecode yet.

Self-tail calls (where a function calls itself in tail position) can be compiled as a goto, however this is not as general as full tail call elimination (you cannot implement a state machine consisting of several functions this way, for insance).

Also, an arbitrary set of tail-recursive functions can be compiled into something that fakes a call stack using a heap-allocated data structure, with a top-level trampoline that drives an interpreter loop. However this incurs a significant performance penalty, and requires a whole-program transform. When you hear about Scheme implementations on the JVM that implement tail calls and call/cc, they generally use this trick, and as a result as too slow to be useful.

So, right now there's no good solution for tail calls on the JVM, and it would require changes to the JVM to implement in full generality.