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One reason could be that the current version of both Chef and Puppet are licensed under Apache, and this is GPL licensed.

That's a good reason, but I don't understand if the use case scenario is the same or different. And if different, in what?

This seems to be more like a universal virtualenv than chef or puppet, just the way it's written up.

You are right, the 'guix environment' utility is a lot like virtualenv. However, Guix also has a system configuration utility.