Humbly submitting the way I work on my book for learning Haskell:

https://github.com/bitemyapp/doc-workshop

Uses Pandoc, compiles markdown to LaTeX, LaTeX renders to PDF.

Dynamically re-renders the preview of the PDF as I save my markdown files.

Pandoc admits inline LaTeX in the markdown documents themselves.

Auto-rebuilder script by http://twitter.com/mwotton

Learn about Pandoc here: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/

I edit in Emacs, but you can use whatever obviously.