"Traditionally, in grades 7–9 mathematics comprises 2 school subjects, geometry and algebra that are taught in parallel (e.g., 2 hours per week for geometry, and 3 hours for algebra). In the senior school [16-17 years old], also two subjects are taught, geometry and algebra and elements of calculus. In grades 5 and 6 (and in primary school) we have a united course of mathematics."
For comparison, the US high school math curriculum (for students 14-18 years old) is generally algebra, geometry, precalculus/trigonometry and calculus, although students can still graduate with just algebra and geometry.
That said, I don't doubt that there is a cultural and educational emphasis on math in Russia.