Haskell has a slight, but consistent, edge over Ocaml in most of the "benchmarks game" tests, so it's certainly not true to say that Ocaml beats Haskell in all benchmarks (although, certainly there could be other benchmarks where it does). In either case, Haskell is very performant and is competitive with any other mainstream language in performance.

You can write print statements to do debugging (with Debug.Trace), and in practice it's not very hard to work IO into your code when you need it (even if only for temporary debugging or development). Crucially, however, it's much harder to accidentally work IO into your code. The few cases where I really miss print statements "for free" are vastly outweighed by the many cases in impure languages where I'm accidentally mismanaging my mutable state.

Whether it results in more performant code? In some cases yes (the restrictions make it much easier to prove certain compiler optimizations), but that's not really the point. Referential transparency is about making your code more expressive, and easier to reason about, to design, and to safely tweak.