Shouldn't this first check if Chrome Frame is actually used (by using the User-Agent header) before it injects the code? And why not just place the four lines straight into your layout?
This is markup, it belongs in your layout files. You're really just disorganizing your app by putting this into middleware.
Yes, implementing Google Chrome Frame in a given app is trivial. But removing this from the concern of a given app and into a re-usable middleware is where I think it's useful.