>I thought that for a pathogen to be communicable by sneezing made it "airborne,"
You're not the first nor the last to be tripped up by that. Airborne means that the pathogen can survive for some time in extremely small droplets. If you are sitting right next to someone with a non-airborne pathogen you have two problems. First, you will be reached by bigger droplets. Second, virus in very small droplets will only be in that condition very briefly before reaching you, and wont have sufficient time to die.
http://www.pathogenperspectives.com/2014/08/debunking-airbor...