National Intelligence Estimate: The Chinese Cultural Revolution (1967) [pdf]
foia.cia.gov
foia.cia.gov
I've always found that the most enlightening aspect of the Cultural Revolution is that many of the principles it was against eventually became defining aspects of post-Mao China. As a social revolution, it seems to be alone in this regard. I am unsure if this outcome is surprising or not, as the Four Modernizations were originally proposed in 1963.
Maybe I misunderstand what you're saying, but isn't that the typical outcome of revolutions? Something along the lines of "thesis - antithesis - synthesis", I guess.
If you look at the French Revolution, the post-Revolution society in France oscillated between the Royalist and Republican extremes for the better part of two centuries before settling on a balance where both the left and right segments of French politics can today claim to be inheritors of the Revolution.
I have had this described to me by people who lived through it. They were relocated to the countryside as slave labor, as described in the wikipedia page. It was a bad time.
"The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution, was a social-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 until 1976. ... The movement paralyzed China politically and significantly affected the country economically and socially.
...
Millions of people were persecuted in the violent factional struggles that ensued across the country, and suffered a wide range of abuses including public humiliation, arbitrary imprisonment, torture, sustained harassment, and seizure of property. A large segment of the population was forcibly displaced, most notably the transfer of urban youth to rural regions during the Down to the Countryside Movement. Historical relics and artifacts were destroyed. Cultural and religious sites were ransacked."