https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18556090, "Cephalic phase insulin release in healthy humans after taste stimulation?". The abstract ends, "In conclusion, the current data suggest that the sweeteners sucrose and saccharin activate a CPIR even when applied to the oral cavity only." Just, Pau, Engel, Hummel 2008. Appetite. 2008 Nov;51(3):622-7. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2008.04.271. Epub 2008 May 10.

I appreciate that you posted a comment instead of just downoting. The fucking ignorant downvoting prick squad is a key reason that I mostly gave up commenting here.

Oops, I didn't realize I was logged into abecedarius's account still on this machine. Reposting my inflammatory comment as me.

I don't right now, but from my times when competing, I used to read a lot of science based research on nutrition and there was a study that said swishing a carb rich liquid was enough to trigger it.

I think I first saw it referenced on an old edition of 'The Complete Guide to Sports Nutrition' by Anita Bean