>>What I’m saying is don’t rely heavily on jQuery, or any other library, without having some sort of understanding of how that library is accomplishing it’s tasks.
Which I think is fair. (However, I don't agree with his assertion that using vanilla JS will be more efficient - in most cases, it won't.)
These days it is negligible though. The argument for using jQuery for DOM manipulation is oftentimes just one of readability.
Probably in older browsers it still uses the old method but for modern browsers it just passes [selctor] in $("[selector]") through document.querySelectorAll; no string parsing necessary.
EDIT: In this case, I'm wrong, the author seems to think you should write vanilla when given the option which is wrong for a lot of reasons.