Can anyone recommend a book on modern C++?
Until then (and even after), Stroustrup's The C++ Programming Language (4th edition) is the canonical resource. It's a reference but is also intended to be read.
http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920033707.do
I'm reading the PDF and it's quite good.
Not fair to judge the language by the fools that used it 15+ years ago, but I have no use for operator overloading, copy memory leaks and all the other C++ obfuscation.
C++ would probably benefit from a "lessons learned" do-over with a new name (as referenced elsewhere in the Perl 6 / Python 3 debacles)