Dark matter explains two things that we currently don't know how else to explain: how the galaxies are rotating so fast without flying apart and why we see gravitational lensing from seemingly otherwise empty space.
http://www.lsst.org/lsst/science/scientist_dark_matter
http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/2011/04/20/how-gravi...
http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~ger/ASTRO-110_sp08/Lecture28_Dark...
Closest references I could find: http://phys.org/news/2013-02-dark-galaxies-ways-collision-he...
"In the Bullet Cluster, a collision between two galaxy clusters appears to have caused a separation of dark matter and baryonic matter." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_Matter